Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis

Gabriela Jiménez; Yael Becker; Claudia Varela; Paola García; María Amparo Nuño; María Cristina Pérez; Amalia Osorio; Ignacio Jarero; Martha Givaudan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis

Gabriela Jiménez, Yael Becker, Claudia Varela, Paola García, María Amparo Nuño, María Cristina Pérez, Amalia Osorio, Ignacio Jarero, Martha Givaudan

Published in American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 25 March 2020 Accepted: 8 April 2020 Published: 23 April 2020

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Abstract

This longitudinal multicenter randomized controlled trial has three objectives 1) to evaluate the EMDR-PRECI in the remission of the PTSD Diagnosis on female minors who were victims of sexual and/or physical violence compared to treatment as usual (TAU), 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMDR-PRECI in the reduction of the PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms of the participants compared with TAU, and 3) to expand the knowledge on the existing correlation between the PCL-5 core criteria for PTSD provisional diagnosis and the CAPS-5 PTSD clinical diagnosis on this population. The study was conducted in 2019 in the cities of Puebla, Mexico, and Mexico City, in three sites of a non-profit organization who provide services to women in vulnerable situations. A total of 32 minors met the inclusion criteria. Participants’ ages ranged from 12 to 17 years old (M =15.35 years old). Participation was voluntary with the participant’s and their legal guardian's consent. It is relevant to mention that 31 of the 32 participants were pregnant during treatment with an average of 24.63 weeks (6.15 months) of pregnancy. All patients in the EMDR treatment group did not meet PTSD diagnostic criteria after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments, while all patients in the TAU group maintained their PTSD baseline clinical diagnosis after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements were used for PTSD, Anxiety and Depression; t test and Cohen´s d effect size were calculated using within and between designs for the different measurements. ANOVA revealed a significant effect for time (F (2, 52) = 149.53 p <.001, η_P² =.852), for group (F (1, 26 = 140.71, p<.001, η_P² =.844) and Anxiety scores showed a significant effect for time (F (1, 26) = 32.89, p <.001, η_P² =.559) and a significant interaction effect between time and group (F (1, 26) = 17.37, p <.001, η_P²=.401) showed the decrease for the treatment group. For the depression scores significant effects were found for time (F (1, 26) = 21.77, p <. 001, η_P² =.456. Results also showed significant interaction effects between time and group. (F (1, 26) = 6.17, p <.05, η_P² =.192). No significant effects for TAU group were founded. The study results indicate that the administration of the EMDR-PRECI could be a feasible, cost-effective, and time-efficient therapy to address PTSD diagnosis, and PTSD, anxiety and depression symptoms in this population.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
Page(s)	42-51
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), EMDR-PRECI, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Female Minors, Sexual Violence, Physical Violence, Anxiety, Depression

References

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Gabriela Jiménez, Yael Becker, Claudia Varela, Paola García, María Amparo Nuño, et al. (2020). Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 9(2), 42-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

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ACS Style

Gabriela Jiménez; Yael Becker; Claudia Varela; Paola García; María Amparo Nuño, et al. Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2020, 9(2), 42-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

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AMA Style

Gabriela Jiménez, Yael Becker, Claudia Varela, Paola García, María Amparo Nuño, et al. Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis. Am J Appl Psychol. 2020;9(2):42-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12,
  author = {Gabriela Jiménez and Yael Becker and Claudia Varela and Paola García and María Amparo Nuño and María Cristina Pérez and Amalia Osorio and Ignacio Jarero and Martha Givaudan},
  title = {Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {42-51},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20200902.12},
  abstract = {This longitudinal multicenter randomized controlled trial has three objectives 1) to evaluate the EMDR-PRECI in the remission of the PTSD Diagnosis on female minors who were victims of sexual and/or physical violence compared to treatment as usual (TAU), 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMDR-PRECI in the reduction of the PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms of the participants compared with TAU, and 3) to expand the knowledge on the existing correlation between the PCL-5 core criteria for PTSD provisional diagnosis and the CAPS-5 PTSD clinical diagnosis on this population. The study was conducted in 2019 in the cities of Puebla, Mexico, and Mexico City, in three sites of a non-profit organization who provide services to women in vulnerable situations. A total of 32 minors met the inclusion criteria. Participants’ ages ranged from 12 to 17 years old (M =15.35 years old). Participation was voluntary with the participant’s and their legal guardian's consent. It is relevant to mention that 31 of the 32 participants were pregnant during treatment with an average of 24.63 weeks (6.15 months) of pregnancy. All patients in the EMDR treatment group did not meet PTSD diagnostic criteria after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments, while all patients in the TAU group maintained their PTSD baseline clinical diagnosis after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements were used for PTSD, Anxiety and Depression; t test and Cohen´s d effect size were calculated using within and between designs for the different measurements. ANOVA revealed a significant effect for time (F (2, 52) = 149.53 p ηP2 =.852), for group (F (1, 26 = 140.71, pηP2 =.844) and Anxiety scores showed a significant effect for time (F (1, 26) = 32.89, p ηP2 =.559) and a significant interaction effect between time and group (F (1, 26) = 17.37, p ηP2=.401) showed the decrease for the treatment group. For the depression scores significant effects were found for time (F (1, 26) = 21.77, p ηP2 =.456. Results also showed significant interaction effects between time and group. (F (1, 26) = 6.17, p ηP2 =.192). No significant effects for TAU group were founded. The study results indicate that the administration of the EMDR-PRECI could be a feasible, cost-effective, and time-efficient therapy to address PTSD diagnosis, and PTSD, anxiety and depression symptoms in this population.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis
AU  - Gabriela Jiménez
AU  - Yael Becker
AU  - Claudia Varela
AU  - Paola García
AU  - María Amparo Nuño
AU  - María Cristina Pérez
AU  - Amalia Osorio
AU  - Ignacio Jarero
AU  - Martha Givaudan
Y1  - 2020/04/23
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 42
EP  - 51
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
AB  - This longitudinal multicenter randomized controlled trial has three objectives 1) to evaluate the EMDR-PRECI in the remission of the PTSD Diagnosis on female minors who were victims of sexual and/or physical violence compared to treatment as usual (TAU), 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMDR-PRECI in the reduction of the PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms of the participants compared with TAU, and 3) to expand the knowledge on the existing correlation between the PCL-5 core criteria for PTSD provisional diagnosis and the CAPS-5 PTSD clinical diagnosis on this population. The study was conducted in 2019 in the cities of Puebla, Mexico, and Mexico City, in three sites of a non-profit organization who provide services to women in vulnerable situations. A total of 32 minors met the inclusion criteria. Participants’ ages ranged from 12 to 17 years old (M =15.35 years old). Participation was voluntary with the participant’s and their legal guardian's consent. It is relevant to mention that 31 of the 32 participants were pregnant during treatment with an average of 24.63 weeks (6.15 months) of pregnancy. All patients in the EMDR treatment group did not meet PTSD diagnostic criteria after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments, while all patients in the TAU group maintained their PTSD baseline clinical diagnosis after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements were used for PTSD, Anxiety and Depression; t test and Cohen´s d effect size were calculated using within and between designs for the different measurements. ANOVA revealed a significant effect for time (F (2, 52) = 149.53 p ηP2 =.852), for group (F (1, 26 = 140.71, pηP2 =.844) and Anxiety scores showed a significant effect for time (F (1, 26) = 32.89, p ηP2 =.559) and a significant interaction effect between time and group (F (1, 26) = 17.37, p ηP2=.401) showed the decrease for the treatment group. For the depression scores significant effects were found for time (F (1, 26) = 21.77, p ηP2 =.456. Results also showed significant interaction effects between time and group. (F (1, 26) = 6.17, p ηP2 =.192). No significant effects for TAU group were founded. The study results indicate that the administration of the EMDR-PRECI could be a feasible, cost-effective, and time-efficient therapy to address PTSD diagnosis, and PTSD, anxiety and depression symptoms in this population.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Gabriela Jiménez

Department of Research, ágape Desarrollo Humano Integral, Puebla City, Mexico
Yael Becker

Department of Research, Mexican Association for Mental Health Support in Crisis, Mexico City, Mexico
Claudia Varela

Department of Research, Mexican Association for Mental Health Support in Crisis, Mexico City, Mexico
Paola García

Department of Research, ágape Desarrollo Humano Integral, Puebla City, Mexico
María Amparo Nuño
María Cristina Pérez

Department of Research, ágape Desarrollo Humano Integral, Puebla City, Mexico
Amalia Osorio

Department of Research, ágape Desarrollo Humano Integral, Puebla City, Mexico
Ignacio Jarero

Department of Research, Mexican Association for Mental Health Support in Crisis, Mexico City, Mexico
Martha Givaudan

Department of Research, Mexican Association for Mental Health Support in Crisis, Mexico City, Mexico

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Gabriela Jiménez, Yael Becker, Claudia Varela, Paola García, María Amparo Nuño, et al. (2020). Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 9(2), 42-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

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ACS Style

Gabriela Jiménez; Yael Becker; Claudia Varela; Paola García; María Amparo Nuño, et al. Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2020, 9(2), 42-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

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AMA Style

Gabriela Jiménez, Yael Becker, Claudia Varela, Paola García, María Amparo Nuño, et al. Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis. Am J Appl Psychol. 2020;9(2):42-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12,
  author = {Gabriela Jiménez and Yael Becker and Claudia Varela and Paola García and María Amparo Nuño and María Cristina Pérez and Amalia Osorio and Ignacio Jarero and Martha Givaudan},
  title = {Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {42-51},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20200902.12},
  abstract = {This longitudinal multicenter randomized controlled trial has three objectives 1) to evaluate the EMDR-PRECI in the remission of the PTSD Diagnosis on female minors who were victims of sexual and/or physical violence compared to treatment as usual (TAU), 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMDR-PRECI in the reduction of the PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms of the participants compared with TAU, and 3) to expand the knowledge on the existing correlation between the PCL-5 core criteria for PTSD provisional diagnosis and the CAPS-5 PTSD clinical diagnosis on this population. The study was conducted in 2019 in the cities of Puebla, Mexico, and Mexico City, in three sites of a non-profit organization who provide services to women in vulnerable situations. A total of 32 minors met the inclusion criteria. Participants’ ages ranged from 12 to 17 years old (M =15.35 years old). Participation was voluntary with the participant’s and their legal guardian's consent. It is relevant to mention that 31 of the 32 participants were pregnant during treatment with an average of 24.63 weeks (6.15 months) of pregnancy. All patients in the EMDR treatment group did not meet PTSD diagnostic criteria after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments, while all patients in the TAU group maintained their PTSD baseline clinical diagnosis after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements were used for PTSD, Anxiety and Depression; t test and Cohen´s d effect size were calculated using within and between designs for the different measurements. ANOVA revealed a significant effect for time (F (2, 52) = 149.53 p ηP2 =.852), for group (F (1, 26 = 140.71, pηP2 =.844) and Anxiety scores showed a significant effect for time (F (1, 26) = 32.89, p ηP2 =.559) and a significant interaction effect between time and group (F (1, 26) = 17.37, p ηP2=.401) showed the decrease for the treatment group. For the depression scores significant effects were found for time (F (1, 26) = 21.77, p ηP2 =.456. Results also showed significant interaction effects between time and group. (F (1, 26) = 6.17, p ηP2 =.192). No significant effects for TAU group were founded. The study results indicate that the administration of the EMDR-PRECI could be a feasible, cost-effective, and time-efficient therapy to address PTSD diagnosis, and PTSD, anxiety and depression symptoms in this population.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial on the Provision of the EMDR-PRECI to Female Minors Victims of Sexual and/or Physical Violence and Related PTSD Diagnosis
AU  - Gabriela Jiménez
AU  - Yael Becker
AU  - Claudia Varela
AU  - Paola García
AU  - María Amparo Nuño
AU  - María Cristina Pérez
AU  - Amalia Osorio
AU  - Ignacio Jarero
AU  - Martha Givaudan
Y1  - 2020/04/23
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 42
EP  - 51
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200902.12
AB  - This longitudinal multicenter randomized controlled trial has three objectives 1) to evaluate the EMDR-PRECI in the remission of the PTSD Diagnosis on female minors who were victims of sexual and/or physical violence compared to treatment as usual (TAU), 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMDR-PRECI in the reduction of the PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms of the participants compared with TAU, and 3) to expand the knowledge on the existing correlation between the PCL-5 core criteria for PTSD provisional diagnosis and the CAPS-5 PTSD clinical diagnosis on this population. The study was conducted in 2019 in the cities of Puebla, Mexico, and Mexico City, in three sites of a non-profit organization who provide services to women in vulnerable situations. A total of 32 minors met the inclusion criteria. Participants’ ages ranged from 12 to 17 years old (M =15.35 years old). Participation was voluntary with the participant’s and their legal guardian's consent. It is relevant to mention that 31 of the 32 participants were pregnant during treatment with an average of 24.63 weeks (6.15 months) of pregnancy. All patients in the EMDR treatment group did not meet PTSD diagnostic criteria after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments, while all patients in the TAU group maintained their PTSD baseline clinical diagnosis after treatment and at 90-days-follow-up assessments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements were used for PTSD, Anxiety and Depression; t test and Cohen´s d effect size were calculated using within and between designs for the different measurements. ANOVA revealed a significant effect for time (F (2, 52) = 149.53 p ηP2 =.852), for group (F (1, 26 = 140.71, pηP2 =.844) and Anxiety scores showed a significant effect for time (F (1, 26) = 32.89, p ηP2 =.559) and a significant interaction effect between time and group (F (1, 26) = 17.37, p ηP2=.401) showed the decrease for the treatment group. For the depression scores significant effects were found for time (F (1, 26) = 21.77, p ηP2 =.456. Results also showed significant interaction effects between time and group. (F (1, 26) = 6.17, p ηP2 =.192). No significant effects for TAU group were founded. The study results indicate that the administration of the EMDR-PRECI could be a feasible, cost-effective, and time-efficient therapy to address PTSD diagnosis, and PTSD, anxiety and depression symptoms in this population.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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