| Peer-Reviewed

Review of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes

Received: 1 December 2021     Accepted: 5 January 2022     Published: 15 January 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a tropical C4 crop that originated in Ethiopia and was domesticated there. It is the fifth most widely grown cereal crop in the world. It is a vital staple crop for more than 500 million people in 30 Sub-Saharan African and Asian nations, although it is mostly farmed as a feed crop in the developed world. In a breeding program, the presence of genetic variety is critical. For sorghum breeding and novel cultivar deployment, the genetic variation present in sorghum germplasm collections is frequently investigated. Effective breeding and genetic conservation may need a well-characterized sorghum genetic resource. The level of trait heritability is linked to the genetic development of breeding populations for yield and its component traits. The amount of genetic variability contained in a population and how it is used determines the success of a crop improvement effort. A breeder's understanding of a crop's genetic diversity usually aids them in selecting desirable parents for breeding programs. As a result, it's critical to examine genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic progress since they provide information that can be used to improve grain yield as well as quality qualities to increase crop production and productivity.

Published in American Journal of BioScience (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13
Page(s) 17-23
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sorghum, Genetic Variability, Heritability, Yield

References
[1] Abraha, T., Githiri, S. M., Kasili, R., Araia, W. and Nyende, A. B. (2015). Genetic Variation among Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench] Landraces from Eritrea under Post Flowering Drought Stress Conditions. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6 (6): 1410– 1424.
[2] Acquaah, G. (2009). Principles of plant genetics and breeding. John Wiley & Sons.
[3] Adane, G. et al. (2018) ‘Genetic variability in agronomic traits and associations in sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)] genotypes at intermediate agro-ecology sorghum growing areas of Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 13 (49): 2780–2787.
[4] Admas, S., & Tesfaye, K. (2017). Genotype-by-environment interaction and yield stability analysis in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes in North Shewa, Ethiopia. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae. Agriculture and Environment, 9 (1), 82-94.
[5] Amare, K., Zeleke, H. and Bultosa, G. (2015) ‘Variability for yield, yield related traits and association among traits of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) varieties in Wollo, Ethiopia’, 7: 125–133.
[6] Amelework, B., Shimelis, H., Tongoona, P., Laing, M., & Mengistu, F. (2016). Genetic diversity of lowland sorghum landraces assessed by morphological and microsatellite markers. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 10 (3).
[7] Atta, B. M., Haq, M. A., & Shah, T. M. (2008). Variation and inter-relationships of quantitative traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 40 (2), 637-647.
[8] Ayana, A., & Bekele, E. (2000). Geographical patterns of morphological variation in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) germplasm from Ethiopia and Eritrea: quantitative characters. Euphytica, 115 (2), 91-104.
[9] Burton, G. W., & Devane, D. E. (1953). Estimating heritability in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) from replicated clonal material 1. Agronomy journal, 45 (10), 478-481.
[10] Chaudhary, D. P. et al. (2018) ‘Study of Genetic Variability and Fodder Yield Components in Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)’, 7 (January), pp. 5–9.
[11] Chavan, S. K., Mahajan, R. C., & Fatak, S. U. (2010). Genetic variability studies in sorghum. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23 (2), 322-323.
[12] Chikuta, S. (2010). Development of Aluminium Toxicity Tolerance Selection System for Sorghum (sorghum bicolor L.) Moench in Zambia. PhD Dissertation, Zamibia University.
[13] CSA (Central Statistical Agency) (2020). Agricultural Sample Survey report on Area and Production of Major Crops (Private Peasant Holdings ‘Meher’ Season): Statistical Bulletin 585. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[14] De Wet, J. M. J. (1978). Special paper: systematics and evolution of sorghum sect. Sorghum (Gramineae). American journal of botany, 65 (4), 477-484.
[15] Dial, H. L. (2012). Plant guide for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Tucson Plant Materials Center, Tucson, AZ.
[16] Dillon, S. L., Lawrence, P. K., Henry, R. J., Ross, L., Price, H. J., & Johnston, J. S. (2004). Species most closely related to the cultivated S. bicolor based on ITS1 and ndhF sequence analysis of 25 Sorghum species. Plant Syst. Evol, 249, 233-246.
[17] Doggett, H. (1988). The sorghum crop. Sorghum (2nd ed). Longman group UK Limited, London, UK, 368-404.
[18] Endalemaw, C., & Semahegn, Z (2020). Genetic Variability and Yield Performance of Sorghum (sorghum bicolor L.) Genotypes Grown in Semi-Arid Ethiopia. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 8 (2), 193-213.
[19] Falconer, D. S., & Mackay, T. F. (1996). Introduction to Quantitative Genetics, Benjamin Cummings. Essex, UK.
[20] Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2021) Food and agriculture data. Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. (Accessed 14 April 2021).
[21] Gebeyehu G, Asfaw A, Taye T, Tesefaye T, Ketema B, Hailemichael H (2004) Development of sorghum varieties and hybrids for dry land areas of Ethiopia. Uga J Agri Sci 9: 594-605.
[22] Gebregergs, G., & Mekbib, F. (2020). Estimation of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in advanced lines for grain yield and yield components of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] at Humera, Western Tigray, Ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 6 (1), 1764181.
[23] Hallauer, A. R. (1972). Third Phase in the Yield Evaluation of Synthetic Varieties of Maize 1. Crop Science, 12 (1), 16-18.
[24] Hamidou, M. et al. (2018). Genetic variability and its implications on early generation sorghum lines selection for yield, yield contributing traits, and resistance to sorghum midge. International Journal of Agronomy.
[25] Harlan, J. R. & J. M. J. de Wet, (1972). A simplified classification of sorghum. Crop Science 12: 172–176.
[26] Human, S., Sihono, S., & Parno, P. (2012). Application of mutation techniques in sorghum breeding for improved drought tolerance. Atom Indonesia, 32 (1), 35-43.
[27] Jimmy, M. L., Nzuve, F., Flourence, O., Manyasa, E., & Muthomi, J. (2017). Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and trait correlations in selected sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) varieties. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 11 (5), 47-56.
[28] Johnson, H. W., Robinson, H. F., & Comstock, R. E. (1955). Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybeans 1. Agronomy journal, 47 (7), 314-318.
[29] Khandelwal, V., Shukla, M., Jodha, B. S., Nathawat, V. S., & Dashora, S. K. (2015). Genetic parameters and character association in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8 (22), 2-4.
[30] Kimber, C. T. (2000). Origins of domesticated sorghum and its early diffusion to India and China. Sorghum: Origin, history, technology, and production, 3-98.
[31] Larik, A. S., & Rajput, L. S. (2000). Estimation of selection indices in Brassica juncea L. and Brassica napus L. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 32 (2), 323-330.
[32] Mekbib, F. (2006). Farmer and formal breeding of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and the implications for integrated plant breeding. Euphytica, 152 (2), 163-176.
[33] MoANR (Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource). 2016. Plant and Animal Health Regulatory Directorate. Crop variety register issue No. 20. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[34] Mofokeng, M. A. et al. (2019) Genetic variability, heritability and genetic gain for quantitative traits in South African sorghum genotypes. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 13 (1), 1–10.
[35] Mutegi et al. (2011). Genetic structure and relationship within and between cultivated and wild sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in Kenya as revealed by microsatellite markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 122 (5), 989–1004.
[36] Prasad, P. V., & Staggenborg, S. A. (2009). Growth and production of sorghum and millets. Soils, plant growth and crop production, 2.
[37] Rao P. S., Reddy P. S., Rathore A., Reddy B. V. S. and Panwar S. (2011). Application GGE biplot and AMMI model to evaluate sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) hybrids for genotype × environment interaction and seasonal adaptation. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 81 (5): 438–444.
[38] Rayaprolu, L., Ashok Kumar, A., Manohar Rao, D., & Deshpande, S. P. (2017). Genetic Variability for Agronomic Traits in Sorghum Minicore Collection. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research, 6 (3), 533-537.
[39] Reddy, V. G., Rao, N. K., Reddy, B. V. S., & Rao, K. E. P. (2002). Geographic distribution of basic and intermediate races in the world collection of sorghum germplasm. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter, 43, 15-17.
[40] Robinson H. F., Hamson G. H. and Comstock R. E. (1956). Biometrical studies of yield in segregating populations of Korean Lespedeza. Agronomy Journal 40: 260-672.
[41] Senbetay, T. (2020) ‘Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Trait Associations in Selected Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Accessions in Ethiopia’, Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 10 (12), 1–8.
[42] Sharma, J. R. (2006). Statistical and biometrical techniques in plant breeding. New Age International.
[43] Sivasubramanian, S. and Menon, M. (1973). Heterosis and inbreeding depression in rice. MadrasAgric. J, 60, 1139-1140.
[44] Stemler, A. B., Harlan, J. R., & de Wet, J. M. (1975). Evolutionary history of cultivated sorghums (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) of Ethiopia. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 325-333.
[45] Swamy, N. et al. (2018) ‘Genetic diversity analysis for productivity traits in rabi sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]’, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7 (5), 1780–1783.
[46] Tesfaye, K. (2018) ‘Genetic diversity study of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes, Ethiopia’, Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment, 9 (1), 44–54.
[47] Vavilov, N. I. (1951). The origin, variation, immunity and breeding of cultivated plants (Vol. 72, No. 6, p. 482). LWW.
[48] Welsh, J. R. (1981). Fundamentals of plant genetics and breeding. John willey and Sons. Inc., New York, 290.
[49] Yitayeh, Z. S., Mindaye, T. T., & Bisetegn, K. B. (2019). AMMI and GGE Analysis of G× E and Yield Stability of Early Maturing Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genotypes in Dry Lowland Areas of Ethiopia. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 5, 425.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Werkissa Yali, Gudeta Nepir. (2022). Review of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes. American Journal of BioScience, 10(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Werkissa Yali; Gudeta Nepir. Review of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes. Am. J. BioScience 2022, 10(1), 17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Werkissa Yali, Gudeta Nepir. Review of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes. Am J BioScience. 2022;10(1):17-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13,
      author = {Werkissa Yali and Gudeta Nepir},
      title = {Review of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes},
      journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {17-23},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20221001.13},
      abstract = {Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a tropical C4 crop that originated in Ethiopia and was domesticated there. It is the fifth most widely grown cereal crop in the world. It is a vital staple crop for more than 500 million people in 30 Sub-Saharan African and Asian nations, although it is mostly farmed as a feed crop in the developed world. In a breeding program, the presence of genetic variety is critical. For sorghum breeding and novel cultivar deployment, the genetic variation present in sorghum germplasm collections is frequently investigated. Effective breeding and genetic conservation may need a well-characterized sorghum genetic resource. The level of trait heritability is linked to the genetic development of breeding populations for yield and its component traits. The amount of genetic variability contained in a population and how it is used determines the success of a crop improvement effort. A breeder's understanding of a crop's genetic diversity usually aids them in selecting desirable parents for breeding programs. As a result, it's critical to examine genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic progress since they provide information that can be used to improve grain yield as well as quality qualities to increase crop production and productivity.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Review of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes
    AU  - Werkissa Yali
    AU  - Gudeta Nepir
    Y1  - 2022/01/15
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13
    T2  - American Journal of BioScience
    JF  - American Journal of BioScience
    JO  - American Journal of BioScience
    SP  - 17
    EP  - 23
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-0167
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13
    AB  - Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a tropical C4 crop that originated in Ethiopia and was domesticated there. It is the fifth most widely grown cereal crop in the world. It is a vital staple crop for more than 500 million people in 30 Sub-Saharan African and Asian nations, although it is mostly farmed as a feed crop in the developed world. In a breeding program, the presence of genetic variety is critical. For sorghum breeding and novel cultivar deployment, the genetic variation present in sorghum germplasm collections is frequently investigated. Effective breeding and genetic conservation may need a well-characterized sorghum genetic resource. The level of trait heritability is linked to the genetic development of breeding populations for yield and its component traits. The amount of genetic variability contained in a population and how it is used determines the success of a crop improvement effort. A breeder's understanding of a crop's genetic diversity usually aids them in selecting desirable parents for breeding programs. As a result, it's critical to examine genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic progress since they provide information that can be used to improve grain yield as well as quality qualities to increase crop production and productivity.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Chiro National Sorghum Research and Training Center, Chiro, Ethiopia

  • Department of Plant Science, Ambo University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Ambo, Ethiopia

  • Sections