Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth

Imane Lejri; Amandine Grimm; Pascal Trempat; Naoual Boujedaini; Anne Eckert

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

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Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth

Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, Pascal Trempat, Naoual Boujedaini, Anne Eckert

Published in American Journal of BioScience (Volume 10, Issue 2)

Received: 18 February 2022 Accepted: 15 March 2022 Published: 23 March 2022

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Abstract

Gelsemium sempervirens (GS) is a traditional medicinal plant, previously identified as a remedy for a variety of psychological and behavioral symptoms of anxiety and depression at ultra-low doses. Changes in neural plasticity have been shown to play a significant role in the onset and development of those mental illnesses. Mitochondria play an extremely important role in the central nervous system by being the main energy producer through oxidative phosphorylation and being involved in the regulation of cell survival and death, as well as synaptic plasticity. Neurite outgrowth is the differentiation process by which neurons establish synapses through the protrusion of neurons and their extension. Because the effects of GS dilutions on mitochondrial function and neuroplasticity remain elusive, we aimed to investigate whether a treatment with GS at low doses (centesimal dilutions, C) improved bioenergetic parameters such as ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, cellular glycolysis, and neurite outgrowth. Nerve growth factor (NGF), which is known as a promotor of cell growth and survival, was used as a positive control. Our results demonstrate that GS dilutions (3C and 5C) efficiently ameliorated the bioenergetics of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by increasing cellular ATP level and mitochondrial respiration as well as promoting cell survival. In addition, GS dilutions significantly improved neurite extension in 2D as well as 3D culture models after 3 days of treatment. 3C and 5C dilutions showed similar functional effects to those obtained with the positive control nerve growth factor (NGF). These findings indicate that GS dilutions modulate mitochondrial bioenergetic phenotype and improve neurite formation. The mitochondrial function-improving properties of GS dilutions may represent one possible pathway contributing to its neuroprotective effects.

Published in	American Journal of BioScience (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
Page(s)	51-60
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Gelsemium Dilutions, Mitochondria, Bioenergetics, Neurite Outgrowth

References

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APA Style

Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, Pascal Trempat, Naoual Boujedaini, Anne Eckert. (2022). Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth. American Journal of BioScience, 10(2), 51-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

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ACS Style

Imane Lejri; Amandine Grimm; Pascal Trempat; Naoual Boujedaini; Anne Eckert. Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth. Am. J. BioScience 2022, 10(2), 51-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

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AMA Style

Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, Pascal Trempat, Naoual Boujedaini, Anne Eckert. Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth. Am J BioScience. 2022;10(2):51-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13,
  author = {Imane Lejri and Amandine Grimm and Pascal Trempat and Naoual Boujedaini and Anne Eckert},
  title = {Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {51-60},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20221002.13},
  abstract = {Gelsemium sempervirens (GS) is a traditional medicinal plant, previously identified as a remedy for a variety of psychological and behavioral symptoms of anxiety and depression at ultra-low doses. Changes in neural plasticity have been shown to play a significant role in the onset and development of those mental illnesses. Mitochondria play an extremely important role in the central nervous system by being the main energy producer through oxidative phosphorylation and being involved in the regulation of cell survival and death, as well as synaptic plasticity. Neurite outgrowth is the differentiation process by which neurons establish synapses through the protrusion of neurons and their extension. Because the effects of GS dilutions on mitochondrial function and neuroplasticity remain elusive, we aimed to investigate whether a treatment with GS at low doses (centesimal dilutions, C) improved bioenergetic parameters such as ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, cellular glycolysis, and neurite outgrowth. Nerve growth factor (NGF), which is known as a promotor of cell growth and survival, was used as a positive control. Our results demonstrate that GS dilutions (3C and 5C) efficiently ameliorated the bioenergetics of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by increasing cellular ATP level and mitochondrial respiration as well as promoting cell survival. In addition, GS dilutions significantly improved neurite extension in 2D as well as 3D culture models after 3 days of treatment. 3C and 5C dilutions showed similar functional effects to those obtained with the positive control nerve growth factor (NGF). These findings indicate that GS dilutions modulate mitochondrial bioenergetic phenotype and improve neurite formation. The mitochondrial function-improving properties of GS dilutions may represent one possible pathway contributing to its neuroprotective effects.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth
AU  - Imane Lejri
AU  - Amandine Grimm
AU  - Pascal Trempat
AU  - Naoual Boujedaini
AU  - Anne Eckert
Y1  - 2022/03/23
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 51
EP  - 60
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
AB  - Gelsemium sempervirens (GS) is a traditional medicinal plant, previously identified as a remedy for a variety of psychological and behavioral symptoms of anxiety and depression at ultra-low doses. Changes in neural plasticity have been shown to play a significant role in the onset and development of those mental illnesses. Mitochondria play an extremely important role in the central nervous system by being the main energy producer through oxidative phosphorylation and being involved in the regulation of cell survival and death, as well as synaptic plasticity. Neurite outgrowth is the differentiation process by which neurons establish synapses through the protrusion of neurons and their extension. Because the effects of GS dilutions on mitochondrial function and neuroplasticity remain elusive, we aimed to investigate whether a treatment with GS at low doses (centesimal dilutions, C) improved bioenergetic parameters such as ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, cellular glycolysis, and neurite outgrowth. Nerve growth factor (NGF), which is known as a promotor of cell growth and survival, was used as a positive control. Our results demonstrate that GS dilutions (3C and 5C) efficiently ameliorated the bioenergetics of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by increasing cellular ATP level and mitochondrial respiration as well as promoting cell survival. In addition, GS dilutions significantly improved neurite extension in 2D as well as 3D culture models after 3 days of treatment. 3C and 5C dilutions showed similar functional effects to those obtained with the positive control nerve growth factor (NGF). These findings indicate that GS dilutions modulate mitochondrial bioenergetic phenotype and improve neurite formation. The mitochondrial function-improving properties of GS dilutions may represent one possible pathway contributing to its neuroprotective effects.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Imane Lejri

Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Amandine Grimm

Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Pascal Trempat

Laboratoire Boiron, Messimy, France
Naoual Boujedaini

Laboratoire Boiron, Messimy, France
Anne Eckert

Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, Pascal Trempat, Naoual Boujedaini, Anne Eckert. (2022). Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth. American Journal of BioScience, 10(2), 51-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

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ACS Style

Imane Lejri; Amandine Grimm; Pascal Trempat; Naoual Boujedaini; Anne Eckert. Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth. Am. J. BioScience 2022, 10(2), 51-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

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AMA Style

Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, Pascal Trempat, Naoual Boujedaini, Anne Eckert. Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth. Am J BioScience. 2022;10(2):51-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13,
  author = {Imane Lejri and Amandine Grimm and Pascal Trempat and Naoual Boujedaini and Anne Eckert},
  title = {Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {51-60},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20221002.13},
  abstract = {Gelsemium sempervirens (GS) is a traditional medicinal plant, previously identified as a remedy for a variety of psychological and behavioral symptoms of anxiety and depression at ultra-low doses. Changes in neural plasticity have been shown to play a significant role in the onset and development of those mental illnesses. Mitochondria play an extremely important role in the central nervous system by being the main energy producer through oxidative phosphorylation and being involved in the regulation of cell survival and death, as well as synaptic plasticity. Neurite outgrowth is the differentiation process by which neurons establish synapses through the protrusion of neurons and their extension. Because the effects of GS dilutions on mitochondrial function and neuroplasticity remain elusive, we aimed to investigate whether a treatment with GS at low doses (centesimal dilutions, C) improved bioenergetic parameters such as ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, cellular glycolysis, and neurite outgrowth. Nerve growth factor (NGF), which is known as a promotor of cell growth and survival, was used as a positive control. Our results demonstrate that GS dilutions (3C and 5C) efficiently ameliorated the bioenergetics of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by increasing cellular ATP level and mitochondrial respiration as well as promoting cell survival. In addition, GS dilutions significantly improved neurite extension in 2D as well as 3D culture models after 3 days of treatment. 3C and 5C dilutions showed similar functional effects to those obtained with the positive control nerve growth factor (NGF). These findings indicate that GS dilutions modulate mitochondrial bioenergetic phenotype and improve neurite formation. The mitochondrial function-improving properties of GS dilutions may represent one possible pathway contributing to its neuroprotective effects.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gelsemium Low Doses Increases Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth
AU  - Imane Lejri
AU  - Amandine Grimm
AU  - Pascal Trempat
AU  - Naoual Boujedaini
AU  - Anne Eckert
Y1  - 2022/03/23
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 51
EP  - 60
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221002.13
AB  - Gelsemium sempervirens (GS) is a traditional medicinal plant, previously identified as a remedy for a variety of psychological and behavioral symptoms of anxiety and depression at ultra-low doses. Changes in neural plasticity have been shown to play a significant role in the onset and development of those mental illnesses. Mitochondria play an extremely important role in the central nervous system by being the main energy producer through oxidative phosphorylation and being involved in the regulation of cell survival and death, as well as synaptic plasticity. Neurite outgrowth is the differentiation process by which neurons establish synapses through the protrusion of neurons and their extension. Because the effects of GS dilutions on mitochondrial function and neuroplasticity remain elusive, we aimed to investigate whether a treatment with GS at low doses (centesimal dilutions, C) improved bioenergetic parameters such as ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, cellular glycolysis, and neurite outgrowth. Nerve growth factor (NGF), which is known as a promotor of cell growth and survival, was used as a positive control. Our results demonstrate that GS dilutions (3C and 5C) efficiently ameliorated the bioenergetics of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by increasing cellular ATP level and mitochondrial respiration as well as promoting cell survival. In addition, GS dilutions significantly improved neurite extension in 2D as well as 3D culture models after 3 days of treatment. 3C and 5C dilutions showed similar functional effects to those obtained with the positive control nerve growth factor (NGF). These findings indicate that GS dilutions modulate mitochondrial bioenergetic phenotype and improve neurite formation. The mitochondrial function-improving properties of GS dilutions may represent one possible pathway contributing to its neuroprotective effects.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download