Background: Birth injury is defined as structural damage of a newborn secondary to mechanical forces that occur during labor and/or delivery. This study determined the incidence, risk factors and outcome of birth injury. Methodology: This was an observational study of birth injuries in neonates, over a period of one year, carried out at a tertiary hospital in Enugu, south east, Nigeria. Results: Out of the 1,735 births recorded during the period of the study, there were 19 cases of birth injuries. This gave an incidence of 11 per 1000 live births. No neonate had more than one injury. They were thirteen males and six females that sustained birth injury. Cephalohematoma was the most common birth injury. Others are caput succedaneum, clavicular fracture, Erb’s palsy, femoral fracture, humeral fracture, shoulder dislocation and facial laceration. Mode of delivery, neonatal birth weight, gestational age and maternal parity were significant predictive risk factors for birth injury. Conclusion: In the current study, cephalohematoma was the most common birth injury, followed by caput succedaneum. There is need to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with birth injuries.
| Published in | American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11 |
| Page(s) | 99-103 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Birth Injury, Incidence, Predictive Factor, Cephalohematoma
| [1] | Abedzadeh – Kalahroudi M, Talebian A, Jahangiri M, Mesdaghinian E, Mohammadzadeh M. Incidence of Neonatal Birth Injuries and Related Factors in Kashan, Iran. Arch Trauma Res. 2015; 4 (1): e22831. doi: 10.5812/atr22831. |
| [2] | Van Vleet M, Birth Related Injury. In: Elzouki A, Harfi H, Nazer H, Stapleton FB, Oh W, Whitley R, editors. Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. Pp 159-75. |
| [3] | Parker LA. Part 1: Early recognition and treatment of birth trauma. Injuries to the head and face. Adv Neonatal Care. 2005; 5 (6): 289-97. |
| [4] | Naomi Ojumah, Rebecca C Ramdhan, Charlotte Wilson, Marios Loukas, Rod J Oskouian, Shane Tubbs R. Neurological Neonatal Birth Injuries: A Literature Review. Cureus. 2017; 9 (12): e1938. doi: 10.7759/cureus.1938. |
| [5] | Hovind KH. Traumatic Birth Injuries. In: Raimondi AJ. Choux M, Di Rocco. Editors. Head injuries in the Newborn and infant. Principles of Pediatric Neurosurgery. Springer, New York, NY. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7183-4_7. |
| [6] | Awari BH, Al-Habdan I, Sadat Ali M, Al-Mulhim A. Birth associated trauma. Saudi Med J. 2003; 24 (6): 672-74. |
| [7] | Ray S, Mondal R, Samanta M, Hazra A, Sabui TK, Debnath A, Chatterjeek K, Mukhopadhayau D, Sil A. Prospective Study of neonatal birth trauma: Indian perspective. 2016; 5 (2): 91-95. doi: 10.4103/2249-4847.179898. |
| [8] | Hughes CA, Harley EH, Milmoe G, Bala R, Martorella A. Birth Trauma in the Head and Neck. Arch Otolaryyngol Head Neck Surg. 1999; 125: 193-199. |
| [9] | Perlow JH, Wigton T, Hart J. Strassner HT, Nageotte MP, Wolk BM. Birth trauma. A five-year review of incidence and associated perinatal factors. J Reprod Med. 1996; 41 (10): 754-60. |
| [10] | Cosmos Y, Cephas E, Adjoa NB, Seth KA, Nii KK, Eric KO. Prevalence and predisposing factors of brachial plexus birth palsy in a regional hospital in Ghana: a five year retrospective study. Pan Afr Med J. 2019; 32: 211. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.32.211.17914. |
| [11] | Osinaike BO, Akinseye LO, Akiyode OR, Anyaebunam C, Kushimo O. Prevalence and Predictive factors of birth traumas in neonates presenting to the children emergency center of a tertiary center in Southwest, Nigeria. doi: 10. 4103/jcls.jcls_6216. |
| [12] | Pius S, Ibrahim HA, Ibrahim BA, Farouk AG, Machoko Y, Bello M. Incidence and characteristics of neonatal birth injuries in Maiduguri North Eastern Nigeria. Niger J Paediatr. 2018; 45 (2): 99-105. |
| [13] | Mosavat SA, Zamani M. The incidence of birth trauma among live born term neonates at a referral hospital in Rafsanjan Iran. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2008; 21 (5): 337-9. doi: 10.1080/14767050801927921. |
| [14] | Bhalla M, Srivastava AR, Srivastava JR, Bhalla JR, Pradhan K. Birth injuries in the Newborn. Indian J Pediatr. 1976; 43: 297. |
| [15] | Borna H, Rad SM, Borna S, Mohseni SM. Incidence and risk factors for birth trauma in Iran. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 49 (2): 170-3. doi: 10.1016/S1028-4559(10)60036-8. |
| [16] | Linder N, Linder I, Fridman E, Konadio F, Lubin D, Meriob P, Yoger Y, Melamed N. Birth trauma-risk factors and short term neonatal outcome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013; 26 (15): 1491-5. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2013.789850. |
| [17] | Fette A. Birth and Neonatal Care injuries. A Special Aspect of Newborn Surgery. Pediatr Therapeut. 2012; 2: 132. doi: 10.4172/2161-0665.1000132. |
| [18] | Gangaram Akangire, Brian Carter. Birth Injuries in Neonates. Pediatrics in Review. 2016; 37: 451. doi: 10.1542/pir. 2015-0125. |
| [19] | Warke C, Malik S, Chockhandre M, Saboo A. Birth Injuries-A review of incidence, perinatal risk factors and outcome. Bombay Hosp J. 2012; 54 (2): 202-208. |
| [20] | Moczygemba CK, Paramsothy P, Meikle S, Kourtis AP, Barfield WD, Kaklina E, Posner SF, Whiteman MK, Jamieson DJ. Route of delivery and neonatal birth trauma. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 202 (4): doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.11.041. |
| [21] | Njokanma OF, Kehinde O. Mechanical Birth trauma-An Evaluation of predisposing factors at the Ogun State University Teaching Hospital Shagamu. Niger J Paediatr. 2012; 29 (3): 61-65. |
| [22] | Prabhu RS, Sajjid M, Anandan H. Incidence and Predisposing Factors of Birth Trauma in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai, India: A Prospective Study. Int J Sci Stud. 2017; 4 (10): 29-33. |
| [23] | Saemundur Gudmundsson, Anne-Lindaqvist. Correlation of birth injury with maternal height and birth weight. BJOG; 112: 764-767. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00545.x. |
APA Style
Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Ekwochi Uchenna, Enebe Joseph Tochukwu, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili, et al. (2019). Profile of Birth Injuries in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 7(5), 99-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11
ACS Style
Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka; Ekwochi Uchenna; Enebe Joseph Tochukwu; Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka; Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili, et al. Profile of Birth Injuries in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2019, 7(5), 99-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11
AMA Style
Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Ekwochi Uchenna, Enebe Joseph Tochukwu, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili, et al. Profile of Birth Injuries in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2019;7(5):99-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11,
author = {Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka and Ekwochi Uchenna and Enebe Joseph Tochukwu and Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka and Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili and Iheji Chukwunonso Chigozie},
title = {Profile of Birth Injuries in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria},
journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
volume = {7},
number = {5},
pages = {99-103},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20190705.11},
abstract = {Background: Birth injury is defined as structural damage of a newborn secondary to mechanical forces that occur during labor and/or delivery. This study determined the incidence, risk factors and outcome of birth injury. Methodology: This was an observational study of birth injuries in neonates, over a period of one year, carried out at a tertiary hospital in Enugu, south east, Nigeria. Results: Out of the 1,735 births recorded during the period of the study, there were 19 cases of birth injuries. This gave an incidence of 11 per 1000 live births. No neonate had more than one injury. They were thirteen males and six females that sustained birth injury. Cephalohematoma was the most common birth injury. Others are caput succedaneum, clavicular fracture, Erb’s palsy, femoral fracture, humeral fracture, shoulder dislocation and facial laceration. Mode of delivery, neonatal birth weight, gestational age and maternal parity were significant predictive risk factors for birth injury. Conclusion: In the current study, cephalohematoma was the most common birth injury, followed by caput succedaneum. There is need to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with birth injuries.},
year = {2019}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Profile of Birth Injuries in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria AU - Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka AU - Ekwochi Uchenna AU - Enebe Joseph Tochukwu AU - Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka AU - Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili AU - Iheji Chukwunonso Chigozie Y1 - 2019/10/07 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11 T2 - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences JF - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences JO - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences SP - 99 EP - 103 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-880X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20190705.11 AB - Background: Birth injury is defined as structural damage of a newborn secondary to mechanical forces that occur during labor and/or delivery. This study determined the incidence, risk factors and outcome of birth injury. Methodology: This was an observational study of birth injuries in neonates, over a period of one year, carried out at a tertiary hospital in Enugu, south east, Nigeria. Results: Out of the 1,735 births recorded during the period of the study, there were 19 cases of birth injuries. This gave an incidence of 11 per 1000 live births. No neonate had more than one injury. They were thirteen males and six females that sustained birth injury. Cephalohematoma was the most common birth injury. Others are caput succedaneum, clavicular fracture, Erb’s palsy, femoral fracture, humeral fracture, shoulder dislocation and facial laceration. Mode of delivery, neonatal birth weight, gestational age and maternal parity were significant predictive risk factors for birth injury. Conclusion: In the current study, cephalohematoma was the most common birth injury, followed by caput succedaneum. There is need to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with birth injuries. VL - 7 IS - 5 ER -
Email: