Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region

Nadejda Yuminova; Vadislav Semerikov; Nikolaj Kontarov; Irina Pogarskaya; Ekaterina Dolgova; Nina Povstanogova

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region

Nadejda Yuminova, Vadislav Semerikov, Nikolaj Kontarov, Irina Pogarskaya, Ekaterina Dolgova, Nina Povstanogova

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 30 November 2020 Accepted: 24 December 2020 Published: 12 March 2021

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Abstract

Analyzing mumps incidence worldwide, we revealed that all European countries are endemic to this viral infection. In the Russian Federation Epidemic Parotitis (EP) was taken under control since 1981, when mass pediatric vaccination has begun, followed by introduction in 1998 of children’s revaccination at the age of 6. During four decades the EP incidence in Russia has decreased 300-400 times, mortality and a number of residual phenomena have been eliminated. In 2002 the WHO Regional Committee has adopted a program to eliminate measles, reduce congenital rubella syndrome to 0.01 per 1 000 live births and the EP incidence to 1.0 or less per 100 000 population by 2010. For eighteen years the program has been delayed several times and still has not reached its goals. The main goal of our study was to evaluate humoral immunity in EP in patient cohorts of different age. We also detected specific immunoglobulin levels and dynamics in people from 3 mumps foci; identified objective causes interfering the epidemiological well-being of the Russian population, despite vaccination coverage of 95-96%. Our observations identified 2 risk groups with high mumps probability: subjects in age groups of 20 – 29 and 30 – 39 years old. The study demonstrated that the efficacy of vaccination, the intensity and duration of neutralizing mumps antibody retention is related directly to the personal immunological status and vaccine quality. In addition, our observations of subjects from 3 mumps foci as well as those, who we studied in our laboratory directly during the sporadic EP incidence increase, showed that stable, strong herd immunity cannot be achieved in long term only through pediatric vaccination and revaccination even with high population coverage. There always will be subjects non immune to EP. This number will grow after a certain time and result in an outbreak. The global goal is to monitor herd immunity both in Europe as a whole and in certain territories, including Russia. The main reason that the European community has not been able to reduce the EP incidence to goal point is the absence of a single international antibody standard that will allow to compare the individual defense level with the amount actually necessary for the protection, detected by standardized anti-mumps IgG test-system. We hope WHO will hear us and under its auspices a single certified international serum standard with known antibody level in IU will be created, and make real EP protection potential assessment possible.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
Page(s)	34-38
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Epidemic Parotitis, Preventive Vaccination, Population (Collective) Immunity, Booster Effect

References

[1]	Clinical laboratory diagnostics. National leadership in 2 volumes (2012) Edited by V. V. Dolgov, V. V. Menshikov, pp. 667-669.
[2]	Yuminova, N. V. (1998). Scientific basis for improving measles and mumps vaccine prevention, Abstract of the thesis, p 44.
[3]	Yuminova, N. V., Alexander, S. K., Sidorenko, E. S. (2019). The efficacy of revaccination against EP and immunological safety, Vopr. Healthcare of Kyrgyzstan Virus. № 3, pp. 44-45.
[4]	Yuminova, N. V., Kontarov, N. A., Pogarskaya, I. V. (2018). Epidemic parotitis: Clinic, epidemiology and genotypes of the virus, Healthcare of Kyrgyzstan. No. 2, pp. 102-104.
[5]	Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 832n dated 09.11.2012 “On the approval of the standard of specialized medical care for children with severe ES” Available at: htth: www.consultant.ru/document/cons.doc.LAW/14593912/rttza8c72de3994f30496aOcc661ddafdaddf518.
[6]	Yuminova, N. V. (2008). Vaccine prophylaxis against measles and EP and rubella: against measles viruses, EP with a double effect, Bul. Vaccinations. № 1-2, pp. 5-7.
[7]	Yuminova, N. V. (2002). The current state of EP vaccination in Russia, J. Epidemiology and Vaccine Prophylaxis. No. 2, pp. 21-23. https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2011-1-77-80.
[8]	Nozdracheva, A. V., Semenko, T. A., Rusakova, E. V. (2019). The state of population immunity to measles, rubella and EPI in the population of Moscow in 2016-2017, Epidemiology and infectious diseases. Act. Questions. V. 9, No. 2, pp. 31-38.
[9]	Semerikov, V. V., Yuminova, N. V., Postanogova, N. O., Sofronova, L. V., Kontarov, N. A. (2020). Epidemic Mumps in Russia: Epidemic Situation, Key Challenges and Solutions, Text. Serial. Journal. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2019-18-6-75-80.
[10]	Vaccines and Vaccinations: National Guidelines. Short edition. / Ed. Zvereva, V. V., Khaitova, R. M. (2014). GEOTAR-Media, pp. 423-431.
[11]	Galazka, A. M., Robertson, S. E., Kraigher, A. (1999). Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review, Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 77 (1), pр. 3-14. PMID: 10063655
[12]	Yuminova, N. V., Kontarov, N. A., Balaev, N. A. (2011). Vaccine prophylaxis of measles, mumps and rubella: tasks, problems, realities, Epidemiology and Vaccine Prophylaxis. No. 4, p. 4044.
[13]	Yuminova, N. V., Alexander, S. K., Zverev, V. V. (2002). Diagnosis of measles, EP and rubella. J. Epidemiology and Vaccine Prophylaxis. No. 2, pp. 23-25.
[14]	Park, S. H. (2015). Resurgence of mumps in Korea, Infect. Chemother. Vol. 47, N1. pp. 1-11. doi: 10.3947/ic.2015.47.1.1.
[15]	Hershh, B. S., Fine, P. E., Kent, W. K. (1991). Mumps outbreak in a highly vaccinated population, J. Paediatr., (2) pp. 187-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(05)80726-7.
[16]	Maillet, M., Bouvat, E., Robert, N., Baccard-Longere, M., Morel-Baccard, C., Morand, P. et al. (2015). Mumps outbreak and laboratory diagnosis, J. Clin. Virol. N 62. pp. 14-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2014.11.004.
[17]	Cheek, J. E., Baron, R., Atlas, H. (1995). Mumps outbreak in a highly vaccinated school population: evidence of large-scale vaccination failure, Arch. Paediatr., Adolesc. Med. 149 (7): pp. 774-778. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170200064010.
[18]	Willocks, L. J., Guerendiain, D., Austin, H. I., Morrison, K. E., Cameron, R. L., Templeton, K. E. (2017). An outbreak of mumps with genetic strain variation in a highly vaccinated student population of mumps with genetic strain variation in a highly vaccinated student population in Scotland, Epidemiology and Ininfection. Vol. 145, N15, pp. 3219-3225. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268817002102.

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Nadejda Yuminova, Vadislav Semerikov, Nikolaj Kontarov, Irina Pogarskaya, Ekaterina Dolgova, et al. (2021). Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region. American Journal of Health Research, 9(2), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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Nadejda Yuminova; Vadislav Semerikov; Nikolaj Kontarov; Irina Pogarskaya; Ekaterina Dolgova, et al. Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region. Am. J. Health Res. 2021, 9(2), 34-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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Nadejda Yuminova, Vadislav Semerikov, Nikolaj Kontarov, Irina Pogarskaya, Ekaterina Dolgova, et al. Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region. Am J Health Res. 2021;9(2):34-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11,
  author = {Nadejda Yuminova and Vadislav Semerikov and Nikolaj Kontarov and Irina Pogarskaya and Ekaterina Dolgova and Nina Povstanogova},
  title = {Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {34-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20210902.11},
  abstract = {Analyzing mumps incidence worldwide, we revealed that all European countries are endemic to this viral infection. In the Russian Federation Epidemic Parotitis (EP) was taken under control since 1981, when mass pediatric vaccination has begun, followed by introduction in 1998 of children’s revaccination at the age of 6. During four decades the EP incidence in Russia has decreased 300-400 times, mortality and a number of residual phenomena have been eliminated. In 2002 the WHO Regional Committee has adopted a program to eliminate measles, reduce congenital rubella syndrome to 0.01 per 1 000 live births and the EP incidence to 1.0 or less per 100 000 population by 2010. For eighteen years the program has been delayed several times and still has not reached its goals. The main goal of our study was to evaluate humoral immunity in EP in patient cohorts of different age. We also detected specific immunoglobulin levels and dynamics in people from 3 mumps foci; identified objective causes interfering the epidemiological well-being of the Russian population, despite vaccination coverage of 95-96%. Our observations identified 2 risk groups with high mumps probability: subjects in age groups of 20 – 29 and 30 – 39 years old. The study demonstrated that the efficacy of vaccination, the intensity and duration of neutralizing mumps antibody retention is related directly to the personal immunological status and vaccine quality. In addition, our observations of subjects from 3 mumps foci as well as those, who we studied in our laboratory directly during the sporadic EP incidence increase, showed that stable, strong herd immunity cannot be achieved in long term only through pediatric vaccination and revaccination even with high population coverage. There always will be subjects non immune to EP. This number will grow after a certain time and result in an outbreak. The global goal is to monitor herd immunity both in Europe as a whole and in certain territories, including Russia. The main reason that the European community has not been able to reduce the EP incidence to goal point is the absence of a single international antibody standard that will allow to compare the individual defense level with the amount actually necessary for the protection, detected by standardized anti-mumps IgG test-system. We hope WHO will hear us and under its auspices a single certified international serum standard with known antibody level in IU will be created, and make real EP protection potential assessment possible.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region
AU  - Nadejda Yuminova
AU  - Vadislav Semerikov
AU  - Nikolaj Kontarov
AU  - Irina Pogarskaya
AU  - Ekaterina Dolgova
AU  - Nina Povstanogova
Y1  - 2021/03/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 34
EP  - 38
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
AB  - Analyzing mumps incidence worldwide, we revealed that all European countries are endemic to this viral infection. In the Russian Federation Epidemic Parotitis (EP) was taken under control since 1981, when mass pediatric vaccination has begun, followed by introduction in 1998 of children’s revaccination at the age of 6. During four decades the EP incidence in Russia has decreased 300-400 times, mortality and a number of residual phenomena have been eliminated. In 2002 the WHO Regional Committee has adopted a program to eliminate measles, reduce congenital rubella syndrome to 0.01 per 1 000 live births and the EP incidence to 1.0 or less per 100 000 population by 2010. For eighteen years the program has been delayed several times and still has not reached its goals. The main goal of our study was to evaluate humoral immunity in EP in patient cohorts of different age. We also detected specific immunoglobulin levels and dynamics in people from 3 mumps foci; identified objective causes interfering the epidemiological well-being of the Russian population, despite vaccination coverage of 95-96%. Our observations identified 2 risk groups with high mumps probability: subjects in age groups of 20 – 29 and 30 – 39 years old. The study demonstrated that the efficacy of vaccination, the intensity and duration of neutralizing mumps antibody retention is related directly to the personal immunological status and vaccine quality. In addition, our observations of subjects from 3 mumps foci as well as those, who we studied in our laboratory directly during the sporadic EP incidence increase, showed that stable, strong herd immunity cannot be achieved in long term only through pediatric vaccination and revaccination even with high population coverage. There always will be subjects non immune to EP. This number will grow after a certain time and result in an outbreak. The global goal is to monitor herd immunity both in Europe as a whole and in certain territories, including Russia. The main reason that the European community has not been able to reduce the EP incidence to goal point is the absence of a single international antibody standard that will allow to compare the individual defense level with the amount actually necessary for the protection, detected by standardized anti-mumps IgG test-system. We hope WHO will hear us and under its auspices a single certified international serum standard with known antibody level in IU will be created, and make real EP protection potential assessment possible.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Nadejda Yuminova

Laboratory of Pediatric Viral Infections, Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Mechnikov of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Vadislav Semerikov

Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene, Perm State Medical Academy named After Academician Evgenij Antonovich Wagner of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Perm, Russia
Nikolaj Kontarov

Laboratory of Pediatric Viral Infections, Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Mechnikov of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Irina Pogarskaya

Laboratory of Pediatric Viral Infections, Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Mechnikov of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Ekaterina Dolgova

Laboratory of Pediatric Viral Infections, Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Mechnikov of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Nina Povstanogova

Department of Pediatrics with the Course of Outpatient Pediatrics, Perm State Medical Academy Named After Academician Evgenij Antonovich Wagner of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Perm, Russia

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Nadejda Yuminova, Vadislav Semerikov, Nikolaj Kontarov, Irina Pogarskaya, Ekaterina Dolgova, et al. (2021). Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region. American Journal of Health Research, 9(2), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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ACS Style

Nadejda Yuminova; Vadislav Semerikov; Nikolaj Kontarov; Irina Pogarskaya; Ekaterina Dolgova, et al. Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region. Am. J. Health Res. 2021, 9(2), 34-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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AMA Style

Nadejda Yuminova, Vadislav Semerikov, Nikolaj Kontarov, Irina Pogarskaya, Ekaterina Dolgova, et al. Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region. Am J Health Res. 2021;9(2):34-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11,
  author = {Nadejda Yuminova and Vadislav Semerikov and Nikolaj Kontarov and Irina Pogarskaya and Ekaterina Dolgova and Nina Povstanogova},
  title = {Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {34-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20210902.11},
  abstract = {Analyzing mumps incidence worldwide, we revealed that all European countries are endemic to this viral infection. In the Russian Federation Epidemic Parotitis (EP) was taken under control since 1981, when mass pediatric vaccination has begun, followed by introduction in 1998 of children’s revaccination at the age of 6. During four decades the EP incidence in Russia has decreased 300-400 times, mortality and a number of residual phenomena have been eliminated. In 2002 the WHO Regional Committee has adopted a program to eliminate measles, reduce congenital rubella syndrome to 0.01 per 1 000 live births and the EP incidence to 1.0 or less per 100 000 population by 2010. For eighteen years the program has been delayed several times and still has not reached its goals. The main goal of our study was to evaluate humoral immunity in EP in patient cohorts of different age. We also detected specific immunoglobulin levels and dynamics in people from 3 mumps foci; identified objective causes interfering the epidemiological well-being of the Russian population, despite vaccination coverage of 95-96%. Our observations identified 2 risk groups with high mumps probability: subjects in age groups of 20 – 29 and 30 – 39 years old. The study demonstrated that the efficacy of vaccination, the intensity and duration of neutralizing mumps antibody retention is related directly to the personal immunological status and vaccine quality. In addition, our observations of subjects from 3 mumps foci as well as those, who we studied in our laboratory directly during the sporadic EP incidence increase, showed that stable, strong herd immunity cannot be achieved in long term only through pediatric vaccination and revaccination even with high population coverage. There always will be subjects non immune to EP. This number will grow after a certain time and result in an outbreak. The global goal is to monitor herd immunity both in Europe as a whole and in certain territories, including Russia. The main reason that the European community has not been able to reduce the EP incidence to goal point is the absence of a single international antibody standard that will allow to compare the individual defense level with the amount actually necessary for the protection, detected by standardized anti-mumps IgG test-system. We hope WHO will hear us and under its auspices a single certified international serum standard with known antibody level in IU will be created, and make real EP protection potential assessment possible.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risks of the European Reduction Program Incidence of Epidemic Parotitis Delayed Implementation in Russian Federation of WHO European Region
AU  - Nadejda Yuminova
AU  - Vadislav Semerikov
AU  - Nikolaj Kontarov
AU  - Irina Pogarskaya
AU  - Ekaterina Dolgova
AU  - Nina Povstanogova
Y1  - 2021/03/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 34
EP  - 38
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210902.11
AB  - Analyzing mumps incidence worldwide, we revealed that all European countries are endemic to this viral infection. In the Russian Federation Epidemic Parotitis (EP) was taken under control since 1981, when mass pediatric vaccination has begun, followed by introduction in 1998 of children’s revaccination at the age of 6. During four decades the EP incidence in Russia has decreased 300-400 times, mortality and a number of residual phenomena have been eliminated. In 2002 the WHO Regional Committee has adopted a program to eliminate measles, reduce congenital rubella syndrome to 0.01 per 1 000 live births and the EP incidence to 1.0 or less per 100 000 population by 2010. For eighteen years the program has been delayed several times and still has not reached its goals. The main goal of our study was to evaluate humoral immunity in EP in patient cohorts of different age. We also detected specific immunoglobulin levels and dynamics in people from 3 mumps foci; identified objective causes interfering the epidemiological well-being of the Russian population, despite vaccination coverage of 95-96%. Our observations identified 2 risk groups with high mumps probability: subjects in age groups of 20 – 29 and 30 – 39 years old. The study demonstrated that the efficacy of vaccination, the intensity and duration of neutralizing mumps antibody retention is related directly to the personal immunological status and vaccine quality. In addition, our observations of subjects from 3 mumps foci as well as those, who we studied in our laboratory directly during the sporadic EP incidence increase, showed that stable, strong herd immunity cannot be achieved in long term only through pediatric vaccination and revaccination even with high population coverage. There always will be subjects non immune to EP. This number will grow after a certain time and result in an outbreak. The global goal is to monitor herd immunity both in Europe as a whole and in certain territories, including Russia. The main reason that the European community has not been able to reduce the EP incidence to goal point is the absence of a single international antibody standard that will allow to compare the individual defense level with the amount actually necessary for the protection, detected by standardized anti-mumps IgG test-system. We hope WHO will hear us and under its auspices a single certified international serum standard with known antibody level in IU will be created, and make real EP protection potential assessment possible.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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