Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design

Lacey Andrews; Joy Butcher-Winfree; Marianna Linz; Todd Davies

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design

Lacey Andrews, Joy Butcher-Winfree, Marianna Linz, Todd Davies

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 9, Issue 3)

Received: 15 April 2021 Accepted: 5 May 2021 Published: 14 May 2021

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Abstract

Background: Community isolation, poor economic conditions, intimate group structures and the natural terrain creates unique challenges in both the treatment and study of opioid use disorder (OUD). The maternal and neonatal consequences for OUD can be profoundly altered by co-occurring psychiatric conditions in the mother, a phenomenon that may be more profound in rural communities. Because of these unique issues, the level of direct interaction in a patient-centric rural research design is critical to the effectiveness of the study. Objective: We set out to test the hypothesis that maternal stress and psychological state has a prolonged developmental impact on prenatally exposed children in rural areas by reducing needed stimulation in the caretaking environment. The study quickly changed as we discovered the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had an important implication for research design and data collection. Methods: We used a typical patient-centered study design method for an observational study in rural West Virginia. Results: Original concise designs created complications for participants leading to recruitment difficulties and poor retention. Patients were resistant to study participation related to culture and severe community health disparities that were not identified until the patient population became comfortable with the research team. Conclusion: Despite the cultural and genetic background similarities between patients in less isolated areas and the test site, the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had a profound effect on the research design. The findings in this study suggest a reevaluation of approaches to conducting research in rural isolated areas.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
Page(s)	64-71
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

NAS, MAT, OUD, Rural, Research Design

References

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APA Style

Lacey Andrews, Joy Butcher-Winfree, Marianna Linz, Todd Davies. (2021). Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design. American Journal of Health Research, 9(3), 64-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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ACS Style

Lacey Andrews; Joy Butcher-Winfree; Marianna Linz; Todd Davies. Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design. Am. J. Health Res. 2021, 9(3), 64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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AMA Style

Lacey Andrews, Joy Butcher-Winfree, Marianna Linz, Todd Davies. Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design. Am J Health Res. 2021;9(3):64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11,
  author = {Lacey Andrews and Joy Butcher-Winfree and Marianna Linz and Todd Davies},
  title = {Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {64-71},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20210903.11},
  abstract = {Background: Community isolation, poor economic conditions, intimate group structures and the natural terrain creates unique challenges in both the treatment and study of opioid use disorder (OUD). The maternal and neonatal consequences for OUD can be profoundly altered by co-occurring psychiatric conditions in the mother, a phenomenon that may be more profound in rural communities. Because of these unique issues, the level of direct interaction in a patient-centric rural research design is critical to the effectiveness of the study. Objective: We set out to test the hypothesis that maternal stress and psychological state has a prolonged developmental impact on prenatally exposed children in rural areas by reducing needed stimulation in the caretaking environment. The study quickly changed as we discovered the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had an important implication for research design and data collection. Methods: We used a typical patient-centered study design method for an observational study in rural West Virginia. Results: Original concise designs created complications for participants leading to recruitment difficulties and poor retention. Patients were resistant to study participation related to culture and severe community health disparities that were not identified until the patient population became comfortable with the research team. Conclusion: Despite the cultural and genetic background similarities between patients in less isolated areas and the test site, the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had a profound effect on the research design. The findings in this study suggest a reevaluation of approaches to conducting research in rural isolated areas.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design
AU  - Lacey Andrews
AU  - Joy Butcher-Winfree
AU  - Marianna Linz
AU  - Todd Davies
Y1  - 2021/05/14
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 64
EP  - 71
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
AB  - Background: Community isolation, poor economic conditions, intimate group structures and the natural terrain creates unique challenges in both the treatment and study of opioid use disorder (OUD). The maternal and neonatal consequences for OUD can be profoundly altered by co-occurring psychiatric conditions in the mother, a phenomenon that may be more profound in rural communities. Because of these unique issues, the level of direct interaction in a patient-centric rural research design is critical to the effectiveness of the study. Objective: We set out to test the hypothesis that maternal stress and psychological state has a prolonged developmental impact on prenatally exposed children in rural areas by reducing needed stimulation in the caretaking environment. The study quickly changed as we discovered the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had an important implication for research design and data collection. Methods: We used a typical patient-centered study design method for an observational study in rural West Virginia. Results: Original concise designs created complications for participants leading to recruitment difficulties and poor retention. Patients were resistant to study participation related to culture and severe community health disparities that were not identified until the patient population became comfortable with the research team. Conclusion: Despite the cultural and genetic background similarities between patients in less isolated areas and the test site, the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had a profound effect on the research design. The findings in this study suggest a reevaluation of approaches to conducting research in rural isolated areas.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Lacey Andrews

Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Joy Butcher-Winfree

Behavior Health Department, Tug River Health Association, Gary, West Virginia
Marianna Linz

Psychology Department, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia
Todd Davies

Department of Family and Community Health, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia

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APA Style

Lacey Andrews, Joy Butcher-Winfree, Marianna Linz, Todd Davies. (2021). Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design. American Journal of Health Research, 9(3), 64-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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ACS Style

Lacey Andrews; Joy Butcher-Winfree; Marianna Linz; Todd Davies. Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design. Am. J. Health Res. 2021, 9(3), 64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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AMA Style

Lacey Andrews, Joy Butcher-Winfree, Marianna Linz, Todd Davies. Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design. Am J Health Res. 2021;9(3):64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11,
  author = {Lacey Andrews and Joy Butcher-Winfree and Marianna Linz and Todd Davies},
  title = {Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {64-71},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20210903.11},
  abstract = {Background: Community isolation, poor economic conditions, intimate group structures and the natural terrain creates unique challenges in both the treatment and study of opioid use disorder (OUD). The maternal and neonatal consequences for OUD can be profoundly altered by co-occurring psychiatric conditions in the mother, a phenomenon that may be more profound in rural communities. Because of these unique issues, the level of direct interaction in a patient-centric rural research design is critical to the effectiveness of the study. Objective: We set out to test the hypothesis that maternal stress and psychological state has a prolonged developmental impact on prenatally exposed children in rural areas by reducing needed stimulation in the caretaking environment. The study quickly changed as we discovered the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had an important implication for research design and data collection. Methods: We used a typical patient-centered study design method for an observational study in rural West Virginia. Results: Original concise designs created complications for participants leading to recruitment difficulties and poor retention. Patients were resistant to study participation related to culture and severe community health disparities that were not identified until the patient population became comfortable with the research team. Conclusion: Despite the cultural and genetic background similarities between patients in less isolated areas and the test site, the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had a profound effect on the research design. The findings in this study suggest a reevaluation of approaches to conducting research in rural isolated areas.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trust and Culture in Rural Research Design
AU  - Lacey Andrews
AU  - Joy Butcher-Winfree
AU  - Marianna Linz
AU  - Todd Davies
Y1  - 2021/05/14
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 64
EP  - 71
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210903.11
AB  - Background: Community isolation, poor economic conditions, intimate group structures and the natural terrain creates unique challenges in both the treatment and study of opioid use disorder (OUD). The maternal and neonatal consequences for OUD can be profoundly altered by co-occurring psychiatric conditions in the mother, a phenomenon that may be more profound in rural communities. Because of these unique issues, the level of direct interaction in a patient-centric rural research design is critical to the effectiveness of the study. Objective: We set out to test the hypothesis that maternal stress and psychological state has a prolonged developmental impact on prenatally exposed children in rural areas by reducing needed stimulation in the caretaking environment. The study quickly changed as we discovered the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had an important implication for research design and data collection. Methods: We used a typical patient-centered study design method for an observational study in rural West Virginia. Results: Original concise designs created complications for participants leading to recruitment difficulties and poor retention. Patients were resistant to study participation related to culture and severe community health disparities that were not identified until the patient population became comfortable with the research team. Conclusion: Despite the cultural and genetic background similarities between patients in less isolated areas and the test site, the geographic isolation and health disparate nature of the community had a profound effect on the research design. The findings in this study suggest a reevaluation of approaches to conducting research in rural isolated areas.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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