The economic importance of the cotton sector in West African countries has led to the development of this sector, which now generates a large quantity of waste. The objective of the present study is to investigate the possibilities of valorization of the by-products of the cotton sector into construction materials. The investigations near the actors of the cotton sector have made it possible to trace the itinerary of the cotton and to bring out fifteen (15) by-products from industries of which five (5) in the ginning mills, six (6) in the crushing mills and four (4) in the textile mills. The most important ones are cotton seed hulls, ginning clods and glue wastes which represent respectively 16%, 1.45% and 0.84% of the annual cotton production. Some physico-chemical characteristics allowed to evaluate the use of these by-products in construction materials. The higher calorific value and the protein content, which are respectively 19,536 J/g and 1.6%, make the hulls an alternative fuel and a feed for livestock. This by-product is fully utilized. As for the ginning clods, they are in the form of fibers. Due to their low apparent density of 25 kg/m3, it is possible to use these clods in the manufacture of light construction materials. The glue wastes also contain 18% of starch, which makes it possible to consider its use in the production of thermal insulation panels inside the building. Although this study allows us to identify possible ways to valorize the by-products of the cotton sector, it remains to find the appropriate methods of their implementation.
| Published in | Advances in Materials (Volume 11, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.am.20221103.12 |
| Page(s) | 60-68 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cotton Waste, Ginning Clods, Cotton Seed Hulls, Physico-Chemical Characteristics, Biobased Material, Waste Valorization
| [1] | Abraham, M., Pingali, P.: Transforming Smallholder Agriculture to Achieve the SDGs. In: Gomez, P. S., Riesgo, L., Louhichi, K. (eds.) The Role of Smallholder Farms in Food and Nutrition Security, pp. 173-209. Springer International Publishing (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42148-9_9 |
| [2] | Osabohien, R., Matthew, O., Gershon, O., Ogunbiyi, T., Nwosu, E.: Agriculture Development, Employment Generation and Poverty Reduction in West Africa. Open Agric J. (2019). https://doi.org/10.2174/1874331501913010082 |
| [3] | Ministère de l’Agriculture de l’Elevage et de la Pêche.: Stratégie Nationale Pour l’e-Agriculture Au Bénin 2020-2024 [National Strategy for e-Agriculture in Benin 2020-2024]. MAEP. http://assets.fsnforum.fao.org.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/public/discussions/contributions/Stratégie nationale e-Agriculture Benin 25-08-2019.pdf (2019). Accessed 14 september 2021. |
| [4] | Alidou, M. N., Ceylan, R. F., Ilbasmj, E.: Trade and revealed comparative advantage measures: a case of main export crops in Benin republic. Kastamonu Üniversity J Fac Econ Adm Sci. 18 (1), 382-397 (2017). |
| [5] | Bonou-zin, R. D. C., Allali, K., Fadlaoui, A.: Environmental Efficiency of Organic and Conventional Cotton in Benin. Sustainability (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113044 |
| [6] | Maboudou, A. G., Niehof, A.: Responses of Rural Households to the Cotton Crisis in Benin. Sustainability (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104207 |
| [7] | Adam, S., Edorh, P., Totin, H., et al. Pesticides et métaux lourds dans l’eau de boisson, les sols et les sédiments de la ceinture cotonnière de Gogounou [Pesticides and heavy metals in drinking water, soils and sediments in the cotton belt of Gogounou], Kandi et Banikoara (Bénin). Int J Biol Chem Sci. (2011). https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v4i4.63054 |
| [8] | Gouvernement de la Republique du Bénin.: Évolution de la production du coton ces 10 dernières années au Bénin [Evolution of cotton production over the last 10 years in Benin]. Gouvernement de la République du Bénin. https://www.gouv.bj/actualite/1243/evolution-production-coton-10-dernieres-annees-benin/ (2021). Accessed 12 september 2021. |
| [9] | FAO.: Cultures et produits animaux [Crops and animal products]. FAO. http://www.fao.org/faostat/fr/#data/QCL (2021). Accessed 25 october 2021. |
| [10] | CHOGOU, S. K.: Itinéraires techniques et pratiques paysannes dans les zones cotonnières du nord du Bénin [Technical itineraries and farmers' practices in the cotton zones of northern Benin]. Colloque International Umr Sagert. 1, 25-27 (2003). |
| [11] | Clarence, S. G., Raimi, O. I. A. A., Claude, V. E.: Valorisation of By-Products of the Cotton Sector in Benin: Design and Manufacturing of a Defibrator and a Thermopress for the Production of Insulation Panels. Int J Adv Res. (2021). https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12504 |
| [12] | Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat (GIEC).: Réchauffement Planétaire de 1,5°C [Global warming of 1.5°C]. IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2019/09/SR15_Summary_Volume_french.pdf. (2020). Accessed 25 october 2021. |
| [13] | Direction de la Stratégie Groupe Engie.: Un Monde d’Energie [A World of Energy]. Engie. https://www.engie.com/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-01/un-monde-denergie-edition-2019-engie1_compressed_0.pdf (2019). Accessed 05 janvier 2022. |
| [14] | Lee, J., Kim, J., Song, D., Kim, J., Jang, C.: Impact of external insulation and internal thermal density upon energy consumption of buildings in a temperate climate with four distinct seasons. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.087 |
| [15] | Zwanzig SD, Lian Y, Brehob EG. Numerical simulation of phase change material composite wallboard in a multi-layered building envelope. Energy Convers Manag. 2013; 69: 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.02.003 |
| [16] | Sadineni SB, Madala S, Boehm RF. Passive building energy savings: A review of building envelope components. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2011; 15 (8): 3617-3631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.014 |
| [17] | Mirrahimi S, Mohamed MF, Haw LC, Ibrahim NLN, Yusoff WFM, Aflaki A. The effect of building envelope on the thermal comfort and energy saving for high-rise buildings in hot-humid climate. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2016; 53: 1508-1519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.055 |
| [18] | Fang Z, Li N, Li B, Luo G, Huang Y. The effect of building envelope insulation on cooling energy consumption in summer. Energy Build. 2014; 77: 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.03.030 |
| [19] | Zhu J, Chew DAS, Lv S, Wu W. Optimization method for building envelope design to minimize carbon emissions of building operational energy consumption using orthogonal experimental design (OED). Habitat Int. 2013; 37: 148-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2011.12.006 |
| [20] | Sozer H. Improving energy efficiency through the design of the building envelope. Build Environ. 2010; 45 (12): 2581-2593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.004 |
| [21] | Košir M, Gostiša T, Kristl Ž. Influence of architectural building envelope characteristics on energy performance in Central European climatic conditions. J Build Eng. 2018; 15: 278-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.11.023 |
| [22] | Aditya L, Mahlia TMI, Rismanchi B, et al. A review on insulation materials for energy conservation in buildings. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2017; 73: 1352-1365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.02.034 |
| [23] | Ahmad A, Maslehuddin M, Al-Hadhrami LM. In situ measurement of thermal transmittance and thermal resistance of hollow reinforced precast concrete walls. Energy Build. 2014; 84: 132-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.07.048 |
| [24] | Ahmadi R, Souri B, Ebrahimi M. Evaluation of wheat straw to insulate fired clay hollow bricks as a construction material. J Clean Prod. 2020; 254: 120043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120043 |
| [25] | Alomayri T, Shaikh FUA, Low IM. Characterisation of cotton fibre-reinforced geopolymer composites. Compos Part B Eng. 2013; 50: 1-6. https://doi.org/.1016/j.compositesb.2013.01.013 |
| [26] | Binici H, Eken M, Dolaz M, Aksogan O, Kara M. An environmentally friendly thermal insulation material from sunflower stalk, textile waste and stubble fibres. Constr Build Mater. 2014; 51: 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.038 |
| [27] | Briga-Sá A, Nascimento D, Teixeira N, et al. Textile waste as an alternative thermal insulation building material solution. Constr Build Mater. 2013; 38: 155-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.08.037 |
| [28] | Chikhi M, Agoudjil B, Boudenne A, Gherabli A. Experimental investigation of new biocomposite with low cost for thermal insulation. Energy Build. 2013; 66: 267-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.07.019 |
| [29] | Dieckmann E, Eleftheriou K, Audic T, Lee KY, Sheldrick L, Cheeseman C. New sustainable materials from waste feathers: Properties of hot-pressed feather/cotton/bi-component fibre boards. Sustain Mater Technol. 2019; 20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2019.e00107 |
| [30] | Koh CH (Alex), Kraniotis D. A review of material properties and performance of straw bale as building material. Constr Build Mater. 2020; 259: 120385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120385 |
| [31] | Ranjbar N, Zhang M. Fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites: A review. Cem Concr Compos. 2020; 107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.103498 |
| [32] | Serra A, Tarrés Q, Llop M, Reixach R, Mutjé P, Espinach FX. Recycling dyed cotton textile byproduct fibers as polypropylene reinforcement. Text Res J. 2018; 89 (11): 2113-2125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517518786278 |
| [33] | Soulama S. Caractérisation mécanique et thermique de biocomposites à matrice polystyrène recyclé renforcée par des coques de cotonnier (Gossypium Hitsutum L.) ou des particules de bois de Kénaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) [Mechanical and thermal characterization of biocomposites with recycled polystyrene matrix reinforced with cotton husks (Gossypium Hitsutum L.) or Kenaf wood particles (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.)]. Published online 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BELF0243/document |
| [34] | Wei K, Lv C, Chen M, Zhou X, Dai Z, Shen D. Development and performance evaluation of a new thermal insulation material from rice straw using high frequency hot-pressing. Energy Build. 2015; 87: 116-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.11.026 |
| [35] | ISO. ISO 687 Solid Mineral Fuels - Coke - Determination of Moisture in the General Analysis Test Sample.; 2010: 9. |
| [36] | CEN. NF EN 1097-6 : Essais Pour Déterminer Les Caractéristiques Mécaniques et Physiques Des Granulats [Testing to Determine the Mechanical and Physical Characteristics of Aggregates].; 2001: 58. |
| [37] | ISO. ISO 1171 Solid Mineral Fuels - Determination of Ash.; 2010: 9. |
| [38] | ISO. NF EN ISO 17892-2: Reconnaissance et Essais Géotechniques - Essais de Laboratoire Sur Les Sols - Partie 2 : Détermination de La Masse Volumique d’un Sol Fin [Geotechnical Testing and Recognition - Soil Laboratory Tests - Part 2: Determination of Fine Soil Volumetric Mass].; 2014. |
| [39] | ISO. NF EN ISO 18125: Biocombustibles Solides - Détermination Du Pouvoir Calorifique [Solid Biofuels - Calorific Value Determination]; 2017. |
| [40] | ISO. IS0 10520 : Native Starch - Determination of Starch Content - Ewers Polarimetric Method.; 2015: 9. |
| [41] | SEYIKPE H. Etude des combustibles alternatifs utilises en industrie cimentière : cas de la SCB-LAFARGE d’Onigbolo [Study of alternative fuels used in the cement industry: case of SCB-LAFARGE of Onigbolo]. Published online 2021. https://biblionumeric.epac-uac.org:9443/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2835/1/Mémoire SEYIKPE S. Hermas_compressed.pdf |
| [42] | ARNAUD YBA. Injection des alternatifs fuels à l’amont du four [Injection des alternatifs fuels à l’amont du four]. Published online 2018. https://biblionumeric.epac-uac.org:9443/jspui/handle/123456789/696 |
| [43] | Soulama S, Atcholi KE, Almusawi AM. Contribution à l’étude de l’influence des paramètres d’élaboration et optimisation du procédé de mise en œuvre de bio-composites en coques de cotonnier et polystyrène recyclé [Contribution to the study of the influence of the parameters of elaboration and optimization of the process of implementation of bio-composites in shells of cotton and recycled polystyrene]. 2015; 11 (1): 35-58. http://www.afriquescience.info/document.php?id=4207 |
| [44] | Robinson EH, Li MH. Use of Plant Proteins in Catfish Feeds: Replacement of Soybean Meal with Cottonseed Meal and Replacement of Fish Meal with Soybean Meal and Cottonseed Meal. J World Aquac Soc. 1994; 25 (2): 271-276 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1994.tb00190.x |
| [45] | Alford BB, Liepa GU, Vanbeber AD. Cottonseed protein: What does the future hold? Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1996; 49 (1): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01092517 |
| [46] | Kumar M, Tomar M, Punia S, et al. Cottonseed: A sustainable contributor to global protein requirements. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2021; 111: 100-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.058 |
| [47] | Goga G, Chauhan BS, Mahla SK, Cho HM, Dhir A, Lim HC. Properties and characteristics of various materials used as Biofuels: A review. Mater Today Proc. 2018; 5 (14): 28438-28445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.10.130 |
| [48] | Bumanis G, Vitola L, Pundiene I, Sinka M, Bajare D. Gypsum, Geopolymers, and Starch—Alternative Binders for Bio-Based Building Materials: A Review and Life-Cycle Assessment. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145666 |
| [49] | Kulshreshtha Y, Schlangen E, Jonkers HM, Vardon PJ, van Paassen LA. CoRncrete: A corn starch based building material. Constr Build Mater. 2017; 154: 411-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.184 |
| [50] | Le AT, Gacoin A, Li A, Mai TH, Rebay M, Delmas Y. Experimental investigation on the mechanical performance of starch–hemp composite materials. Constr Build Mater. 2014; 61: 106-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.084 |
| [51] | Wilfried Hounkpatin H, Kouamy Chégnimonhan V, Allognon-Houessou E, Bruno Kounouhewa B. Thermal Insulation Panel Based on Vegetable Typha Domingensis and Starch: Formulation and Physico-chemical Characterization. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2020; 9 (2): 29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20200902.12 |
| [52] | Ferrandez-García MT, Ferrandez-Garcia CE, Garcia-Ortuño T, Ferrandez-Garcia A, Ferrandez-Villena M. Study of Waste Jute Fibre Panels (Corchorus capsularis L.) Agglomerated with Portland Cement and Starch. Polymers (Basel). 2020; 12 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12030599 |
APA Style
Abdou Raimi Alakouko, Guy Clarence Semassou, Roger Houechene Ahouansou, Clotide Guidi. (2022). Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Study Valorization Ways of the Cotton Sector Waste in Benin to Biobased Building Materials. Advances in Materials, 11(3), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.12
ACS Style
Abdou Raimi Alakouko; Guy Clarence Semassou; Roger Houechene Ahouansou; Clotide Guidi. Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Study Valorization Ways of the Cotton Sector Waste in Benin to Biobased Building Materials. Adv. Mater. 2022, 11(3), 60-68. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20221103.12
AMA Style
Abdou Raimi Alakouko, Guy Clarence Semassou, Roger Houechene Ahouansou, Clotide Guidi. Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Study Valorization Ways of the Cotton Sector Waste in Benin to Biobased Building Materials. Adv Mater. 2022;11(3):60-68. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20221103.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.am.20221103.12,
author = {Abdou Raimi Alakouko and Guy Clarence Semassou and Roger Houechene Ahouansou and Clotide Guidi},
title = {Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Study Valorization Ways of the Cotton Sector Waste in Benin to Biobased Building Materials},
journal = {Advances in Materials},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {60-68},
doi = {10.11648/j.am.20221103.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20221103.12},
abstract = {The economic importance of the cotton sector in West African countries has led to the development of this sector, which now generates a large quantity of waste. The objective of the present study is to investigate the possibilities of valorization of the by-products of the cotton sector into construction materials. The investigations near the actors of the cotton sector have made it possible to trace the itinerary of the cotton and to bring out fifteen (15) by-products from industries of which five (5) in the ginning mills, six (6) in the crushing mills and four (4) in the textile mills. The most important ones are cotton seed hulls, ginning clods and glue wastes which represent respectively 16%, 1.45% and 0.84% of the annual cotton production. Some physico-chemical characteristics allowed to evaluate the use of these by-products in construction materials. The higher calorific value and the protein content, which are respectively 19,536 J/g and 1.6%, make the hulls an alternative fuel and a feed for livestock. This by-product is fully utilized. As for the ginning clods, they are in the form of fibers. Due to their low apparent density of 25 kg/m3, it is possible to use these clods in the manufacture of light construction materials. The glue wastes also contain 18% of starch, which makes it possible to consider its use in the production of thermal insulation panels inside the building. Although this study allows us to identify possible ways to valorize the by-products of the cotton sector, it remains to find the appropriate methods of their implementation.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Study Valorization Ways of the Cotton Sector Waste in Benin to Biobased Building Materials AU - Abdou Raimi Alakouko AU - Guy Clarence Semassou AU - Roger Houechene Ahouansou AU - Clotide Guidi Y1 - 2022/07/29 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.12 DO - 10.11648/j.am.20221103.12 T2 - Advances in Materials JF - Advances in Materials JO - Advances in Materials SP - 60 EP - 68 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-252X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.12 AB - The economic importance of the cotton sector in West African countries has led to the development of this sector, which now generates a large quantity of waste. The objective of the present study is to investigate the possibilities of valorization of the by-products of the cotton sector into construction materials. The investigations near the actors of the cotton sector have made it possible to trace the itinerary of the cotton and to bring out fifteen (15) by-products from industries of which five (5) in the ginning mills, six (6) in the crushing mills and four (4) in the textile mills. The most important ones are cotton seed hulls, ginning clods and glue wastes which represent respectively 16%, 1.45% and 0.84% of the annual cotton production. Some physico-chemical characteristics allowed to evaluate the use of these by-products in construction materials. The higher calorific value and the protein content, which are respectively 19,536 J/g and 1.6%, make the hulls an alternative fuel and a feed for livestock. This by-product is fully utilized. As for the ginning clods, they are in the form of fibers. Due to their low apparent density of 25 kg/m3, it is possible to use these clods in the manufacture of light construction materials. The glue wastes also contain 18% of starch, which makes it possible to consider its use in the production of thermal insulation panels inside the building. Although this study allows us to identify possible ways to valorize the by-products of the cotton sector, it remains to find the appropriate methods of their implementation. VL - 11 IS - 3 ER -
Email: