Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron

Shuying Chen; Qingchun Li; Jiajian Song; Ming Sun; Haiqing Sun; Guowei Chang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron

Shuying Chen, Qingchun Li, Jiajian Song, Ming Sun, Haiqing Sun, Guowei Chang

Published in Advances in Materials (Volume 11, Issue 3)

Received: 28 June 2022 Accepted: 18 July 2022 Published: 9 August 2022

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Abstract

Secondary graphitization annealing is often used to obtain 100% ferrite matrix in the production of ductile iron. The volume expansion of pearlite will occur during secondary graphitization annealing. So far, whether this expansion can affect the micro-shrinkage porosity between the austenite rings surrounding the graphite nodule during solidification has not attracted people's attention, while micro-shrinkage porosity is one of the primary factors affecting the impact toughness of ductile iron at ultra-low temperature. Aiming at the problem of whether the secondary graphitization of ductile iron affects the micro-shrinkage porosity, the secondary graphitization annealing of pearlitic ductile iron is carried out, and the effect of secondary graphitization expansion on micro-shrinkage porosity was studied. The metallographic microstructures and micro-shrinkage porosity are observed by Axiovert200MAT metallographic microscope and MLA250 (FEIQuanta) scanning electron microscope. The maximum length of micro-shrinkage porosity is measured by Nano Measurer 1.2 and the maximum area is measured by Photoshop software. The results show that the volume expansion rates of ductile iron and gray cast iron after secondary graphitization annealing are about 1.2% and 1.4%, respectively. After secondary graphitization annealing, the size and quantity of micro-shrinkage porosity of ductile iron decrease. It indicates that the expansion after secondary graphitization of cast iron will help to repaire micro-shrinkage porosity.

Published in	Advances in Materials (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
Page(s)	69-76
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ductile Iron, Gray Cast Iron, Secondary Graphitization, Expansion Rate, Micro-shrinkage Porosity

References

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APA Style

Shuying Chen, Qingchun Li, Jiajian Song, Ming Sun, Haiqing Sun, et al. (2022). Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron. Advances in Materials, 11(3), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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ACS Style

Shuying Chen; Qingchun Li; Jiajian Song; Ming Sun; Haiqing Sun, et al. Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron. Adv. Mater. 2022, 11(3), 69-76. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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AMA Style

Shuying Chen, Qingchun Li, Jiajian Song, Ming Sun, Haiqing Sun, et al. Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron. Adv Mater. 2022;11(3):69-76. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20221103.13,
  author = {Shuying Chen and Qingchun Li and Jiajian Song and Ming Sun and Haiqing Sun and Guowei Chang},
  title = {Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {69-76},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20221103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20221103.13},
  abstract = {Secondary graphitization annealing is often used to obtain 100% ferrite matrix in the production of ductile iron. The volume expansion of pearlite will occur during secondary graphitization annealing. So far, whether this expansion can affect the micro-shrinkage porosity between the austenite rings surrounding the graphite nodule during solidification has not attracted people's attention, while micro-shrinkage porosity is one of the primary factors affecting the impact toughness of ductile iron at ultra-low temperature. Aiming at the problem of whether the secondary graphitization of ductile iron affects the micro-shrinkage porosity, the secondary graphitization annealing of pearlitic ductile iron is carried out, and the effect of secondary graphitization expansion on micro-shrinkage porosity was studied. The metallographic microstructures and micro-shrinkage porosity are observed by Axiovert200MAT metallographic microscope and MLA250 (FEIQuanta) scanning electron microscope. The maximum length of micro-shrinkage porosity is measured by Nano Measurer 1.2 and the maximum area is measured by Photoshop software. The results show that the volume expansion rates of ductile iron and gray cast iron after secondary graphitization annealing are about 1.2% and 1.4%, respectively. After secondary graphitization annealing, the size and quantity of micro-shrinkage porosity of ductile iron decrease. It indicates that the expansion after secondary graphitization of cast iron will help to repaire micro-shrinkage porosity.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron
AU  - Shuying Chen
AU  - Qingchun Li
AU  - Jiajian Song
AU  - Ming Sun
AU  - Haiqing Sun
AU  - Guowei Chang
Y1  - 2022/08/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 69
EP  - 76
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
AB  - Secondary graphitization annealing is often used to obtain 100% ferrite matrix in the production of ductile iron. The volume expansion of pearlite will occur during secondary graphitization annealing. So far, whether this expansion can affect the micro-shrinkage porosity between the austenite rings surrounding the graphite nodule during solidification has not attracted people's attention, while micro-shrinkage porosity is one of the primary factors affecting the impact toughness of ductile iron at ultra-low temperature. Aiming at the problem of whether the secondary graphitization of ductile iron affects the micro-shrinkage porosity, the secondary graphitization annealing of pearlitic ductile iron is carried out, and the effect of secondary graphitization expansion on micro-shrinkage porosity was studied. The metallographic microstructures and micro-shrinkage porosity are observed by Axiovert200MAT metallographic microscope and MLA250 (FEIQuanta) scanning electron microscope. The maximum length of micro-shrinkage porosity is measured by Nano Measurer 1.2 and the maximum area is measured by Photoshop software. The results show that the volume expansion rates of ductile iron and gray cast iron after secondary graphitization annealing are about 1.2% and 1.4%, respectively. After secondary graphitization annealing, the size and quantity of micro-shrinkage porosity of ductile iron decrease. It indicates that the expansion after secondary graphitization of cast iron will help to repaire micro-shrinkage porosity.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Shuying Chen

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
Qingchun Li

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
Jiajian Song

Jinzhou Jietong Railway Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Jinzhou, China
Ming Sun

Jinzhou Jietong Railway Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Jinzhou, China
Haiqing Sun

Jinzhou Jietong Railway Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Jinzhou, China
Guowei Chang

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China

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APA Style

Shuying Chen, Qingchun Li, Jiajian Song, Ming Sun, Haiqing Sun, et al. (2022). Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron. Advances in Materials, 11(3), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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ACS Style

Shuying Chen; Qingchun Li; Jiajian Song; Ming Sun; Haiqing Sun, et al. Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron. Adv. Mater. 2022, 11(3), 69-76. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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AMA Style

Shuying Chen, Qingchun Li, Jiajian Song, Ming Sun, Haiqing Sun, et al. Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron. Adv Mater. 2022;11(3):69-76. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20221103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20221103.13,
  author = {Shuying Chen and Qingchun Li and Jiajian Song and Ming Sun and Haiqing Sun and Guowei Chang},
  title = {Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {69-76},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20221103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20221103.13},
  abstract = {Secondary graphitization annealing is often used to obtain 100% ferrite matrix in the production of ductile iron. The volume expansion of pearlite will occur during secondary graphitization annealing. So far, whether this expansion can affect the micro-shrinkage porosity between the austenite rings surrounding the graphite nodule during solidification has not attracted people's attention, while micro-shrinkage porosity is one of the primary factors affecting the impact toughness of ductile iron at ultra-low temperature. Aiming at the problem of whether the secondary graphitization of ductile iron affects the micro-shrinkage porosity, the secondary graphitization annealing of pearlitic ductile iron is carried out, and the effect of secondary graphitization expansion on micro-shrinkage porosity was studied. The metallographic microstructures and micro-shrinkage porosity are observed by Axiovert200MAT metallographic microscope and MLA250 (FEIQuanta) scanning electron microscope. The maximum length of micro-shrinkage porosity is measured by Nano Measurer 1.2 and the maximum area is measured by Photoshop software. The results show that the volume expansion rates of ductile iron and gray cast iron after secondary graphitization annealing are about 1.2% and 1.4%, respectively. After secondary graphitization annealing, the size and quantity of micro-shrinkage porosity of ductile iron decrease. It indicates that the expansion after secondary graphitization of cast iron will help to repaire micro-shrinkage porosity.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Secondary Graphitization Expansion on Micro-shrinkage Porosity of Ductile Iron
AU  - Shuying Chen
AU  - Qingchun Li
AU  - Jiajian Song
AU  - Ming Sun
AU  - Haiqing Sun
AU  - Guowei Chang
Y1  - 2022/08/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 69
EP  - 76
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221103.13
AB  - Secondary graphitization annealing is often used to obtain 100% ferrite matrix in the production of ductile iron. The volume expansion of pearlite will occur during secondary graphitization annealing. So far, whether this expansion can affect the micro-shrinkage porosity between the austenite rings surrounding the graphite nodule during solidification has not attracted people's attention, while micro-shrinkage porosity is one of the primary factors affecting the impact toughness of ductile iron at ultra-low temperature. Aiming at the problem of whether the secondary graphitization of ductile iron affects the micro-shrinkage porosity, the secondary graphitization annealing of pearlitic ductile iron is carried out, and the effect of secondary graphitization expansion on micro-shrinkage porosity was studied. The metallographic microstructures and micro-shrinkage porosity are observed by Axiovert200MAT metallographic microscope and MLA250 (FEIQuanta) scanning electron microscope. The maximum length of micro-shrinkage porosity is measured by Nano Measurer 1.2 and the maximum area is measured by Photoshop software. The results show that the volume expansion rates of ductile iron and gray cast iron after secondary graphitization annealing are about 1.2% and 1.4%, respectively. After secondary graphitization annealing, the size and quantity of micro-shrinkage porosity of ductile iron decrease. It indicates that the expansion after secondary graphitization of cast iron will help to repaire micro-shrinkage porosity.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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