Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel

Junfu Hou; Li Chen; Chenghai Kong; Jingchao Guan; Wei Zhao; Xilu Zhao

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel

Junfu Hou

, Li Chen

, Chenghai Kong

, Jingchao Guan

, Wei Zhao

, Xilu Zhao^*

Published in International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications (Volume 12, Issue 5)

Received: 8 September 2024 Accepted: 27 September 2024 Published: 18 October 2024

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Abstract

When a tsunami is caused by an earthquake or other event, spherical shelters are developed to protect people from the tsunami. This study proposes a new egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter with a buffer layer to improve the functionality of traditional spherical shelters. The inner and outer shells of this shelter are made from thin-walled stainless steel, using the integral hydro bulge forming (IHBF) process. The space between these two layers was filled with urethane foam, providing an elastic buffer. This resulted in a laminated egg-shaped structure designed for tsunami protection. To verify the proposed laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter and its processing method, an egg-shaped shell with an external shape (length 660 mm, width 493 mm) was fabricated using a 1.0 mm thick stainless plate, and a laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter with a 25 mm thick intermediate layer made of urethane foam was fabricated. The shape accuracy of the processed egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter structure was measured, and the maximum error between the surface shape of the molded egg-shaped shell and the true egg shape was -4.13 mm, and the relative error to the maximum radius of the egg shape of 246.5 mm was -1.68%. In addition, to assess the buffering effect under external impact loads, acceleration sensors were attached to both the inner and outer layers of the fabricated egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelters. A hammer was used to apply an impact load to the outer layer, and the response acceleration values recorded by the sensors on both layers were compared. It was found that the response acceleration of the inner layer was 15.81% lower than that of the outer layer.

Published in	International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications (Volume 12, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
Page(s)	118-128
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Egg-Shaped Laminated Shell, Egg-Shaped Floating Tsunami Shelter, Integrated Bulge Processing Method, Elastic Cushioning Laminated Shell, Impact Cushioning Experiment

References

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APA Style

Hou, J., Chen, L., Kong, C., Guan, J., Zhao, W., et al. (2024). Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 12(5), 118-128. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

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ACS Style

Hou, J.; Chen, L.; Kong, C.; Guan, J.; Zhao, W., et al. Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel. Int. J. Mech. Eng. Appl. 2024, 12(5), 118-128. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

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AMA Style

Hou J, Chen L, Kong C, Guan J, Zhao W, et al. Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel. Int J Mech Eng Appl. 2024;12(5):118-128. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11,
  author = {Junfu Hou and Li Chen and Chenghai Kong and Jingchao Guan and Wei Zhao and Xilu Zhao},
  title = {Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel
},
  journal = {International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications},
  volume = {12},
  number = {5},
  pages = {118-128},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmea.20241205.11},
  abstract = {When a tsunami is caused by an earthquake or other event, spherical shelters are developed to protect people from the tsunami. This study proposes a new egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter with a buffer layer to improve the functionality of traditional spherical shelters. The inner and outer shells of this shelter are made from thin-walled stainless steel, using the integral hydro bulge forming (IHBF) process. The space between these two layers was filled with urethane foam, providing an elastic buffer. This resulted in a laminated egg-shaped structure designed for tsunami protection. To verify the proposed laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter and its processing method, an egg-shaped shell with an external shape (length 660 mm, width 493 mm) was fabricated using a 1.0 mm thick stainless plate, and a laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter with a 25 mm thick intermediate layer made of urethane foam was fabricated. The shape accuracy of the processed egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter structure was measured, and the maximum error between the surface shape of the molded egg-shaped shell and the true egg shape was -4.13 mm, and the relative error to the maximum radius of the egg shape of 246.5 mm was -1.68%. In addition, to assess the buffering effect under external impact loads, acceleration sensors were attached to both the inner and outer layers of the fabricated egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelters. A hammer was used to apply an impact load to the outer layer, and the response acceleration values recorded by the sensors on both layers were compared. It was found that the response acceleration of the inner layer was 15.81% lower than that of the outer layer.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel

AU  - Junfu Hou
AU  - Li Chen
AU  - Chenghai Kong
AU  - Jingchao Guan
AU  - Wei Zhao
AU  - Xilu Zhao
Y1  - 2024/10/18
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
T2  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
SP  - 118
EP  - 128
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0248
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
AB  - When a tsunami is caused by an earthquake or other event, spherical shelters are developed to protect people from the tsunami. This study proposes a new egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter with a buffer layer to improve the functionality of traditional spherical shelters. The inner and outer shells of this shelter are made from thin-walled stainless steel, using the integral hydro bulge forming (IHBF) process. The space between these two layers was filled with urethane foam, providing an elastic buffer. This resulted in a laminated egg-shaped structure designed for tsunami protection. To verify the proposed laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter and its processing method, an egg-shaped shell with an external shape (length 660 mm, width 493 mm) was fabricated using a 1.0 mm thick stainless plate, and a laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter with a 25 mm thick intermediate layer made of urethane foam was fabricated. The shape accuracy of the processed egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter structure was measured, and the maximum error between the surface shape of the molded egg-shaped shell and the true egg shape was -4.13 mm, and the relative error to the maximum radius of the egg shape of 246.5 mm was -1.68%. In addition, to assess the buffering effect under external impact loads, acceleration sensors were attached to both the inner and outer layers of the fabricated egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelters. A hammer was used to apply an impact load to the outer layer, and the response acceleration values recorded by the sensors on both layers were compared. It was found that the response acceleration of the inner layer was 15.81% lower than that of the outer layer.

VL  - 12
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Junfu Hou

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Saitama Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0009-9129-967X
Li Chen

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Saitama Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-2540-9191
Chenghai Kong

Topy Industries Co., Ltd. Aichi, Japan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3680-0280
Jingchao Guan

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Saitama Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3668-7732
Wei Zhao

National Institute of Technology, Toyama College, Toyama, Japan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2620-0508
Xilu Zhao

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Saitama Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-6208

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Hou, J., Chen, L., Kong, C., Guan, J., Zhao, W., et al. (2024). Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 12(5), 118-128. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

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ACS Style

Hou, J.; Chen, L.; Kong, C.; Guan, J.; Zhao, W., et al. Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel. Int. J. Mech. Eng. Appl. 2024, 12(5), 118-128. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Hou J, Chen L, Kong C, Guan J, Zhao W, et al. Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel. Int J Mech Eng Appl. 2024;12(5):118-128. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11,
  author = {Junfu Hou and Li Chen and Chenghai Kong and Jingchao Guan and Wei Zhao and Xilu Zhao},
  title = {Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel
},
  journal = {International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications},
  volume = {12},
  number = {5},
  pages = {118-128},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmea.20241205.11},
  abstract = {When a tsunami is caused by an earthquake or other event, spherical shelters are developed to protect people from the tsunami. This study proposes a new egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter with a buffer layer to improve the functionality of traditional spherical shelters. The inner and outer shells of this shelter are made from thin-walled stainless steel, using the integral hydro bulge forming (IHBF) process. The space between these two layers was filled with urethane foam, providing an elastic buffer. This resulted in a laminated egg-shaped structure designed for tsunami protection. To verify the proposed laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter and its processing method, an egg-shaped shell with an external shape (length 660 mm, width 493 mm) was fabricated using a 1.0 mm thick stainless plate, and a laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter with a 25 mm thick intermediate layer made of urethane foam was fabricated. The shape accuracy of the processed egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter structure was measured, and the maximum error between the surface shape of the molded egg-shaped shell and the true egg shape was -4.13 mm, and the relative error to the maximum radius of the egg shape of 246.5 mm was -1.68%. In addition, to assess the buffering effect under external impact loads, acceleration sensors were attached to both the inner and outer layers of the fabricated egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelters. A hammer was used to apply an impact load to the outer layer, and the response acceleration values recorded by the sensors on both layers were compared. It was found that the response acceleration of the inner layer was 15.81% lower than that of the outer layer.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development of Laminated Egg-Shaped Tsunami Shelter Structure Made of Steel-Cushioning-Steel

AU  - Junfu Hou
AU  - Li Chen
AU  - Chenghai Kong
AU  - Jingchao Guan
AU  - Wei Zhao
AU  - Xilu Zhao
Y1  - 2024/10/18
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
T2  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
SP  - 118
EP  - 128
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0248
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20241205.11
AB  - When a tsunami is caused by an earthquake or other event, spherical shelters are developed to protect people from the tsunami. This study proposes a new egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter with a buffer layer to improve the functionality of traditional spherical shelters. The inner and outer shells of this shelter are made from thin-walled stainless steel, using the integral hydro bulge forming (IHBF) process. The space between these two layers was filled with urethane foam, providing an elastic buffer. This resulted in a laminated egg-shaped structure designed for tsunami protection. To verify the proposed laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter and its processing method, an egg-shaped shell with an external shape (length 660 mm, width 493 mm) was fabricated using a 1.0 mm thick stainless plate, and a laminated egg-shaped tsunami shelter with a 25 mm thick intermediate layer made of urethane foam was fabricated. The shape accuracy of the processed egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelter structure was measured, and the maximum error between the surface shape of the molded egg-shaped shell and the true egg shape was -4.13 mm, and the relative error to the maximum radius of the egg shape of 246.5 mm was -1.68%. In addition, to assess the buffering effect under external impact loads, acceleration sensors were attached to both the inner and outer layers of the fabricated egg-shaped laminated tsunami shelters. A hammer was used to apply an impact load to the outer layer, and the response acceleration values recorded by the sensors on both layers were compared. It was found that the response acceleration of the inner layer was 15.81% lower than that of the outer layer.

VL  - 12
IS  - 5
ER  -

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