Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania<br />
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Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe; Oluwole Daniel Makinde

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

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Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe, Oluwole Daniel Makinde

Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 9, Issue 4)

Received: 14 September 2023 Accepted: 9 October 2023 Published: 28 October 2023

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Abstract

Mathematical model on a single line was presented based on four equations; operation cost, passenger cost, total cost and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service frequency. The analysis of the model shows that the increase of BRT services frequency tends to increase total passenger demand which lead to decrease operational cost and passenger cost in terms of waiting time. In numerical simulation, it is observed that the increase of passenger demand (p), tends to increase the frequency of BRT. But absence of Passenger demand (p) reduce the BRT frequency which leads to increase operational cost; for example, paying salary for BRT staff, bus services and other cost like office expenses. Furthermore, passenger demand depends on other parameters like the decrease of value of initial bus cost B_C0, waiting time W_t, average getting on and ending time per passenger G_oe, proportion between average waiting period and the service a₁, hurrying and slowing down at stops and at the junction plus passenger getting on and descending from the bus h_s, increase the value of in-bus time serving B_ts, and proportion of average trip length to the total rout length a₂. The specific cases of BRT operation and passenger behaviour can be analysed for their effect on the value of a₁. On the other hand, if movements are large and a timetable of bus plan is published, then passengers change their behaviour and arrive at bus stops a few minutes before the planned bus arrival. This indicates that there is much work to be done for BRT management. BRT management requires organisational efforts, deliberate planning, fund from the public, and coordination between of passengers and staff members.

Published in	International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
Page(s)	79-85
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Passenger Demand, Operation Cost, Passenger Cost, BRT Frequency, BRT

References

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APA Style

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe, Oluwole Daniel Makinde. (2023). Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania . International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 79-85. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

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ACS Style

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe; Oluwole Daniel Makinde. Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania . Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2023, 9(4), 79-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

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AMA Style

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe, Oluwole Daniel Makinde. Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania . Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2023;9(4):79-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12,
  author = {Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe and Oluwole Daniel Makinde},
  title = {Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania

	
},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {79-85},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20230904.12},
  abstract = {Mathematical model on a single line was presented based on four equations; operation cost, passenger cost, total cost and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service frequency. The analysis of the model shows that the increase of BRT services frequency tends to increase total passenger demand which lead to decrease operational cost and passenger cost in terms of waiting time. In numerical simulation, it is observed that the increase of passenger demand (p), tends to increase the frequency of BRT. But absence of Passenger demand (p) reduce the BRT frequency which leads to increase operational cost; for example, paying salary for BRT staff, bus services and other cost like office expenses. Furthermore, passenger demand depends on other parameters like the decrease of value of initial bus cost BC0, waiting time Wt, average getting on and ending time per passenger Goe, proportion between average waiting period and the service a1, hurrying and slowing down at stops and at the junction plus passenger getting on and descending from the bus hs, increase the value of in-bus time serving Bts, and proportion of average trip length to the total rout length a2. The specific cases of BRT operation and passenger behaviour can be analysed for their effect on the value of a1. On the other hand, if movements are large and a timetable of bus plan is published, then passengers change their behaviour and arrive at bus stops a few minutes before the planned bus arrival. This indicates that there is much work to be done for BRT management. BRT management requires organisational efforts, deliberate planning, fund from the public, and coordination between of passengers and staff members.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania

	

AU  - Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe
AU  - Oluwole Daniel Makinde
Y1  - 2023/10/28
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 79
EP  - 85
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
AB  - Mathematical model on a single line was presented based on four equations; operation cost, passenger cost, total cost and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service frequency. The analysis of the model shows that the increase of BRT services frequency tends to increase total passenger demand which lead to decrease operational cost and passenger cost in terms of waiting time. In numerical simulation, it is observed that the increase of passenger demand (p), tends to increase the frequency of BRT. But absence of Passenger demand (p) reduce the BRT frequency which leads to increase operational cost; for example, paying salary for BRT staff, bus services and other cost like office expenses. Furthermore, passenger demand depends on other parameters like the decrease of value of initial bus cost BC0, waiting time Wt, average getting on and ending time per passenger Goe, proportion between average waiting period and the service a1, hurrying and slowing down at stops and at the junction plus passenger getting on and descending from the bus hs, increase the value of in-bus time serving Bts, and proportion of average trip length to the total rout length a2. The specific cases of BRT operation and passenger behaviour can be analysed for their effect on the value of a1. On the other hand, if movements are large and a timetable of bus plan is published, then passengers change their behaviour and arrive at bus stops a few minutes before the planned bus arrival. This indicates that there is much work to be done for BRT management. BRT management requires organisational efforts, deliberate planning, fund from the public, and coordination between of passengers and staff members.

VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe

Faculty of Informatics and Technical Education, National Institute of Transport, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Oluwole Daniel Makinde

Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, Saldanha, South Africa

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APA Style

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe, Oluwole Daniel Makinde. (2023). Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania . International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 79-85. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

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ACS Style

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe; Oluwole Daniel Makinde. Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania . Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2023, 9(4), 79-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

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AMA Style

Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe, Oluwole Daniel Makinde. Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania . Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2023;9(4):79-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12,
  author = {Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe and Oluwole Daniel Makinde},
  title = {Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania

	
},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {79-85},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20230904.12},
  abstract = {Mathematical model on a single line was presented based on four equations; operation cost, passenger cost, total cost and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service frequency. The analysis of the model shows that the increase of BRT services frequency tends to increase total passenger demand which lead to decrease operational cost and passenger cost in terms of waiting time. In numerical simulation, it is observed that the increase of passenger demand (p), tends to increase the frequency of BRT. But absence of Passenger demand (p) reduce the BRT frequency which leads to increase operational cost; for example, paying salary for BRT staff, bus services and other cost like office expenses. Furthermore, passenger demand depends on other parameters like the decrease of value of initial bus cost BC0, waiting time Wt, average getting on and ending time per passenger Goe, proportion between average waiting period and the service a1, hurrying and slowing down at stops and at the junction plus passenger getting on and descending from the bus hs, increase the value of in-bus time serving Bts, and proportion of average trip length to the total rout length a2. The specific cases of BRT operation and passenger behaviour can be analysed for their effect on the value of a1. On the other hand, if movements are large and a timetable of bus plan is published, then passengers change their behaviour and arrive at bus stops a few minutes before the planned bus arrival. This indicates that there is much work to be done for BRT management. BRT management requires organisational efforts, deliberate planning, fund from the public, and coordination between of passengers and staff members.
},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit Frequency in Tanzania

	

AU  - Laurencia Ndelamo Massawe
AU  - Oluwole Daniel Makinde
Y1  - 2023/10/28
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 79
EP  - 85
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20230904.12
AB  - Mathematical model on a single line was presented based on four equations; operation cost, passenger cost, total cost and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service frequency. The analysis of the model shows that the increase of BRT services frequency tends to increase total passenger demand which lead to decrease operational cost and passenger cost in terms of waiting time. In numerical simulation, it is observed that the increase of passenger demand (p), tends to increase the frequency of BRT. But absence of Passenger demand (p) reduce the BRT frequency which leads to increase operational cost; for example, paying salary for BRT staff, bus services and other cost like office expenses. Furthermore, passenger demand depends on other parameters like the decrease of value of initial bus cost BC0, waiting time Wt, average getting on and ending time per passenger Goe, proportion between average waiting period and the service a1, hurrying and slowing down at stops and at the junction plus passenger getting on and descending from the bus hs, increase the value of in-bus time serving Bts, and proportion of average trip length to the total rout length a2. The specific cases of BRT operation and passenger behaviour can be analysed for their effect on the value of a1. On the other hand, if movements are large and a timetable of bus plan is published, then passengers change their behaviour and arrive at bus stops a few minutes before the planned bus arrival. This indicates that there is much work to be done for BRT management. BRT management requires organisational efforts, deliberate planning, fund from the public, and coordination between of passengers and staff members.

VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

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